[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-066":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":38,"lastmod":66},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-110-2-內外科護理學-066","nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-066",110,2,66,"引起代謝性酸中毒的原因，下列何者正確？①延腦異常 ②急性腎衰竭 ③肺擴張不全 ④血糖過高",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"①②","①③","②④","③④","C",null,[],"本題考點在代謝性酸中毒的成因判別。代謝性酸中毒源自體內固定酸增加或HCO₃⁻流失,急性腎衰竭因腎臟無法排出氫離子並喪失重碳酸鹽再吸收(②),血糖過高造成糖尿病酮酸中毒而累積酮酸(④),兩者皆屬代謝性酸中毒成因,故選C的②④。延腦異常(①)影響呼吸中樞造成的是呼吸性酸中毒;肺擴張不全(③)使CO₂滯留亦屬呼吸性酸中毒,兩者機轉在肺與呼吸而非代謝,故均非本題答案。","代謝性酸中毒依陰離子間隙(anion gap)分兩類:高陰離子間隙(酸增加)如酮酸中毒(DKA)、乳酸中毒、腎衰竭尿毒、水楊酸中毒(記憶MUDPILES);正常陰離子間隙(HCO₃⁻流失)如腹瀉、腎小管酸中毒。呼吸性酸中毒則來自CO₂滯留如中樞抑制、肺病。本題以延腦、肺擴張不全設陷阱測試考生區分呼吸性與代謝性成因的能力。",[24,27,30,32,35],{"term":25,"count":26},"代謝性酸中毒",22,{"term":28,"count":29},"急性腎衰竭",8,{"term":31,"count":29},"糖尿病酮酸中毒",{"term":33,"count":34},"陰離子間隙",3,{"term":36,"count":37},"呼吸性酸中毒鑑別",1,[39,43,47,52,57,62],{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-067","有關腎移植後的急性排斥徵候，不包括下列何者？",67,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":34,"year":46,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-003","有關椎間盤突出手術治療的敘述，下列何者正確？",111,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":37},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-017","有關骨折病人發生脂肪栓塞之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",17,112,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":37},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-005","有關癲癇藥物Dilantin的敘述，下列何者正確？",5,113,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-009","有關食道靜脈曲張出血病人的護理指導，下列何者不適當？",9,114,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":34,"year":65,"session":37},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-003","下列何者為出血性腦中風最主要的危險因子？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510729425]