[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":68},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-057":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":37,"lastmod":67},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-110-2-內外科護理學-057","nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-057",110,2,57,"有關人體酸鹼平衡的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"血液 pH 低於 7.35 時，人體會呼吸減慢且淺，保留 CO 2","血液 pH 低於 7.35 時，人體會增加呼吸速率以調節 HCO 3-","血液 pH 高於 7.45 時，腎臟會排出 H + 以保留 HCO 3-","血液 pH 高於 7.45 時，人體會增加呼吸的速率及深度","B",null,[],"本題考點在酸鹼失衡的呼吸與腎臟代償機轉。血液pH低於7.35屬酸中毒,人體透過延腦化學受器刺激而增加呼吸速率與深度、加速排出CO₂以拉高pH代償,故選B方向正確。選項A稱酸中毒時呼吸減慢保留CO₂反而加重酸中毒,錯誤;選項C稱鹼中毒時腎臟排H⁺保留HCO₃⁻,方向相反,鹼中毒應保留H⁺、排出HCO₃⁻,錯誤;選項D稱鹼中毒時增加呼吸速率與深度反而排更多CO₂加重鹼中毒,亦錯誤,故均非答案。","酸鹼代償兩套系統:肺以數分鐘調節CO₂(揮發性酸),腎以數小時至數日調節HCO₃⁻與H⁺排泄(固定酸)。代謝性酸中毒對應呼吸加深加快(Kussmaul呼吸)吹除CO₂;代謝性鹼中毒對應呼吸變淺慢保留CO₂。記憶:酸中毒要排酸即過度換氣;鹼中毒要留酸即抑制換氣。腎臟代償較慢但可再吸收或製造HCO₃⁻並排出H⁺,與呼吸代償互補。",[24,27,30,32,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"代謝性酸中毒",22,{"term":28,"count":29},"呼吸代償",5,{"term":31,"count":10},"酸鹼平衡",{"term":33,"count":10},"Kussmaul呼吸",{"term":35,"count":36},"腎臟代償",1,[38,42,47,52,57,62],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-058","護理一位出現肺水腫症狀與徵候的病人，下列措施之順序，何者最適當？①經由鼻導管給與 2 L\u002Fmin 氧氣治療 ②呼叫醫師 ③協助病人採高坐臥 ④準備床邊抽痰用物",58,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":36},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-074","有關糖尿病酮酸中毒（DKA）與高滲透壓高血糖狀態（HHS）之臨床處置，下列何者正確？",74,111,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":36},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-008","有關中風病人臥床姿勢擺位之護理措施，下列何者錯誤？",8,112,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":51,"session":56},"nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-046","有關糖尿病病人飲食控制原則的護理指導，下列何者正確？",46,3,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":36},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-050","有關登革熱的敘述，下列何者正確？",50,114,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":65,"year":66,"session":10},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-044","有關低血糖的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",44,115,"2026-09-04",1788510729330]