[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-036":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-110-2-內外科護理學-036","nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-036",110,2,36,"有關 BUN 與 Serum Creatinite 比值的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"正常比值量 40：1","發燒會導致比值下降","嚴重腹瀉會導致比值下降","肝衰竭會導致比值下降","D",null,[],"本題考點在於血中尿素氮(BUN)與肌酸酐(Creatinine)比值的臨床判讀。正常BUN／Creatinine比值約為10至20比1，選項A的40比1明顯偏離正常值，故A錯。發燒屬分解代謝增加狀態，蛋白質分解使BUN升高、比值上升，B「比值下降」錯。嚴重腹瀉造成脫水屬腎前性因素，腎小管加強重吸收尿素使BUN上升、比值上升，C「比值下降」錯。肝衰竭時肝臟合成尿素能力下降，BUN隨之降低而使比值下降，故D正確。故正解為肝衰竭導致比值下降D。","BUN受腎功能、水合狀態、蛋白攝取與肝臟合成影響，Creatinine相對穩定反映腎絲球過濾。比值上升(>20:1)多見腎前性氮血症(脫水、出血、心衰、高蛋白、消化道出血);比值下降(\u003C10:1)見於肝衰竭(尿素合成↓)、低蛋白飲食、水分過多。記憶口訣「肝壞了造不出尿素→BUN低→比值降」。可連結概念：腎前性與腎性氮血症鑑別、腎絲球過濾率、脫水評估。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"腎前性氮血症",3,{"term":28,"count":29},"BUN與Creatinine比值",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"肝臟尿素合成",{"term":33,"count":29},"脫水影響",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-037","病人接受化學治療後血小板數值為 10,000 cells\u002Fmm，下列何者為護理評估重點？",37,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-053","下列何者為肺水腫最典型的症狀？",53,111,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-067","下列何者可能出現膀胱容量增加？",67,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":26},"nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-025","有關何杰金氏病（Hodgkin’s Disease）的敘述，下列何者正確？",25,112,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":29},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-029","林先生因熱燒傷接受植皮手術，有關術後注意事項之敘述，下列何者正確？",29,114,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-023","有關癌症病人出現食慾不振之護理措施，下列何者最適當？",23,115,"2026-09-04",1788510729121]