[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-028":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-110-2-內外科護理學-028","nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-028",110,2,28,"有關心肌梗塞病人的護理，下列敘述何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"協助採取半坐臥姿，減少心肌耗氧量","教導等長運動，增加活動耐力","提供氧氣，增加心肌供氧量","教導必要時可於性交前服用 NTG，預防胸痛不適","B",null,[],"本題考點在於心肌梗塞病人的護理原則，須挑出錯誤者。核心目標是降低心肌耗氧量、增加供氧量，而等長運動(isometric exercise)會使血壓與後負荷驟升、心肌耗氧量增加，屬心肌梗塞禁忌，故B「教導等長運動增加活動耐力」為錯誤答案。半坐臥可減少靜脈回流與心臟前負荷、降低耗氧，A正確。提供氧氣增加心肌供氧(C)符合供需平衡原則，正確。教導必要時於性交前服用NTG預防胸痛(D)是活動前預防性擴張冠狀動脈，正確。故錯誤者為B。","心肌梗塞護理主軸為「降耗氧、增供氧、防再梗塞」。等長運動(如提重物、用力憋氣Valsalva)使血壓後負荷急升，改採漸進式等張(有氧)運動。NTG藉釋放一氧化氮擴張靜脈與冠狀動脈、降前負荷與解痙,可於誘發胸痛的活動前預防性使用。記憶口訣「MI要休息減耗氧、避免等長與憋氣」。可連結概念：心臟復健分期、Valsalva效應、NTG給藥與副作用(頭痛、低血壓)。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"心肌梗塞",5,{"term":28,"count":29},"心肌耗氧量",4,{"term":31,"count":10},"等長運動禁忌",{"term":33,"count":34},"硝化甘油NTG",1,[36,40,45,49,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-029","有關心臟血管系統檢查評估的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",29,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":34},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-045","有關全身性紅斑性狼瘡之護理措施，下列何者錯誤？",45,111,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-059","肺擴張不全病人的身體評估，下列發現何者正確？",59,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":54},"nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-017","有關慢性鼻竇炎的原因，下列何者正確？",17,112,3,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":34},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-021","正在接受體外放射線治療的癌症病人表示：「臉和頸部的皮膚發紅刺痛、脫屑，甚至有些部位會濕濕的，很不舒服」，下列處置何者正確？",21,114,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":10},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-015","有關喉癌病人行全喉切除術後之敘述，下列何者正確？",15,115,"2026-09-04",1788510729011]