[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":68},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-076":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":67},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-110-2-基礎醫學-076","nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-076",110,2,76,"關於新型隱球菌（Cryptococcus neoformans）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"常在鴿子的糞便中被發現","會形成莢膜（capsule）","會引發黴菌性腦膜炎（fungal meningitis）","只會在免疫缺失的病患身上造成感染","D",null,[],"本題考點為新型隱球菌（Cryptococcus neoformans）的特性，屬選錯誤題。考點在於辨識此菌雖為伺機性病原、好侵犯免疫低下者，但免疫功能正常者亦可能受感染，並非「只會」在免疫缺失者致病，故 D 敘述錯誤，選 D。A 常見於鴿糞等富含氮的環境，正確；B 具明顯多醣莢膜，為其重要毒力因子並可用墨汁染色觀察，正確；C 可經呼吸道吸入後散播至中樞神經而引起黴菌性腦膜炎，亦屬正確描述。","Cryptococcus neoformans 的莢膜是致病與診斷雙重關鍵：抑制吞噬、逃避免疫，臨床以墨汁染色見透亮暈圈、或以乳膠凝集偵測莢膜多醣抗原（CrAg）快速診斷。感染多起於吸入環境孢子，於免疫低下（尤其 AIDS、CD4 低下）者易播散至腦膜；但免疫正常者，特別是 C. gattii，也可致病，故「只會」為錯誤。記憶法：鴿糞＋莢膜＋墨汁＋腦膜炎＝隱球菌。可連結概念：莢膜毒力、CrAg 檢測、AIDS 相關中樞感染、amphotericin 加 flucytosine 誘導治療。",[25,27,29,32,34],{"term":26,"count":11},"新型隱球菌",{"term":28,"count":11},"多醣莢膜",{"term":30,"count":31},"黴菌性腦膜炎",1,{"term":33,"count":31},"伺機性感染非絕對",{"term":35,"count":31},"鴿糞環境來源",[37,41,46,51,57,62],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-077","肝炎病毒感染後，下列何者只會造成急性肝炎，並不會導致長期慢性感染的發生？",77,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":11},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-013","決定血流速率大小，下列何者最不重要？",13,111,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-007","子宮的那一部分直接與陰道（vagina）相接，可以藉由陰道擴張器（vaginal dilator）直接觀察檢測？",7,112,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":56},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-005","關於第 7 肋骨的描述下列何者錯誤？",5,113,3,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":31},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-009","利尿劑主要作用機制為下列何者？",9,115,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":65,"year":66,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-023","因自體免疫而破壞所有腎上腺皮質組織時，下列何者生合成受影響？",23,106,"2026-09-04",1788510727975]