[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-074":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-110-2-基礎醫學-074","nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-074",110,2,74,"關於肉毒梭孢桿菌（Clostridium botulinum）感染之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"此菌是一種產生芽孢之厭氧菌","感染者應立即給予疫苗治療","食源性肉毒桿菌素中毒（foodborne botulism）通常是由罐頭或真空包裝食品所引起","嬰兒肉毒桿菌素中毒（infant botulism）可能由污染的蜂蜜或奶粉而傳染","B",null,[],"本題考點為肉毒桿菌（Clostridium botulinum）感染的處置與特性，屬選錯誤題。考點在於辨識肉毒中毒屬毒素中毒，治療核心是投予抗毒素（antitoxin）中和游離的肉毒桿菌素，並非以疫苗處置，故 B 敘述錯誤，選 B。A 此菌為產芽孢的厭氧菌，正確；C 食源型多與保存不當的罐頭或真空包裝食品有關，正確；D 嬰兒型可因攝入受污染的蜂蜜等使芽孢在腸道發芽產毒，亦屬正確，故唯 B 的處置方向有誤。","肉毒桿菌素阻斷神經肌肉接合處 acetylcholine 釋放，造成對稱性下行性鬆弛麻痺（先眼瞼下垂、複視、吞嚥困難，續及呼吸肌）。因病理是既成毒素作用，處置重點在儘早以抗毒素中和尚未結合的毒素並支持呼吸，而疫苗屬事前免疫、無法逆轉已發生的中毒。一歲以下嬰兒腸道菌相未成熟，故禁食蜂蜜以防嬰兒肉毒中毒。記憶法：毒素中毒用「抗毒素」，不是打疫苗。可連結概念：SNARE 蛋白裂解、破傷風痙攣性麻痺的對比、外毒素與抗毒素治療。",[25,27,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":11},"肉毒桿菌",{"term":28,"count":29},"肉毒桿菌素",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"抗毒素治療",{"term":33,"count":29},"下行性鬆弛麻痺",{"term":35,"count":29},"嬰兒肉毒中毒與蜂蜜",[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-075","關於萊姆病（Lyme disease）及其病原體的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",75,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":11},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-011","有關無氧快肌與有氧慢肌的比較，下列何者正確？",11,111,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-005","腎動脈是下列何者的直接分支？",5,112,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":54},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-003","支配聲帶肌群的神經是：",3,113,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":29},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-007","副甲狀腺素（PTH）作用在腎小管時會產生下列何種反應？",7,115,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-021","動作電位過極化時：",21,106,"2026-09-04",1788510727954]