[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-071":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":37,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-110-2-基礎醫學-071","nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-071",110,2,71,"後天性免疫缺乏症候群（acquired immune deficiency syndrome, AIDS）是因為感染人類免疫缺乏病毒（HIV），造成何種細胞減少？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"B 細胞","CD4 T 細胞","巨噬細胞（macrophage）","自然殺手細胞（natural killer cell）","B",null,[],"本題考點為後天性免疫缺乏症候群（AIDS）的免疫病理核心。考點在於辨識人類免疫缺乏病毒（HIV）以其套膜醣蛋白 gp120 結合 CD4 分子及趨化激素輔受體，選擇性感染並耗竭 CD4 T 輔助細胞，故選 B。A B 細胞、C 巨噬細胞、D 自然殺手細胞雖在感染過程中功能亦受影響，但 HIV 的標的與最具指標性的下降細胞是 CD4 T 細胞；當 CD4 計數低下，細胞性免疫崩解而出現伺機性感染，故三者非本題最直接答案。","CD4 T 細胞是免疫協調的中樞，指揮胞毒 T 細胞、B 細胞抗體與巨噬細胞活化；HIV 藉 gp120 綁 CD4 加 CCR5 或 CXCR4 輔受體進入細胞並持續複製、破壞之，使 CD4 計數逐步下滑。臨床以 CD4＜200\u002FµL 或出現指標性伺機感染定義為 AIDS。記憶法：HIV 專打「CD4 指揮官」，指揮官倒下全軍潰散。可連結概念：gp120\u002FCD4\u002F輔受體結合、CD4 計數與病毒量監測、常見伺機性感染（PCP、CMV、結核）。",[25,28,31,32,35],{"term":26,"count":27},"伺機性感染",7,{"term":29,"count":30},"HIV",3,{"term":16,"count":11},{"term":33,"count":34},"gp120 與 CD4 結合",1,{"term":36,"count":34},"細胞性免疫崩解",[38,42,47,51,56,61],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-072","關於厭氧菌的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",72,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":11},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-008","鼠蹊部疝氣（inguinal hernia）嚴重時，擠入鼠蹊管（inguinal canal）的腸子，最容易直接壓迫到下列何者，造成睪丸的血液循環受阻？",8,111,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":11,"year":50,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-002","下列何神經興奮可使膀胱壁之迫尿肌收縮、尿道內括約肌舒張？",112,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-050","下列何者為中華肝吸蟲（Clonorchis sinensis）最常見的感染方式？",50,113,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":34},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-004","心室細胞在生理狀態下之靜止膜電位約為多少？",4,115,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-018","下列那些肌細胞有明顯的明暗相間之橫紋構造？",18,106,"2026-09-04",1788510727933]