[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-063":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":26},"nurse-110-2-基礎醫學-063","nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-063",110,2,63,"下列何種藥物可以治療免疫不全病人，因感染巨細胞病毒（CMV）導致視網膜炎，以及對 acyclovir 無效之單純疱疹病毒感染？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"Cidofovir","Fomivirsen","Foscarnet","Ganciclovir","C",null,[],"本題考點為抗病毒藥的機轉與適應症配對。考點在於辨識 Foscarnet 能治療免疫不全者的巨細胞病毒（CMV）視網膜炎，且對 acyclovir 無效（因胸苷激酶突變）之單純疱疹病毒有效，故選 C。Foscarnet 直接抑制病毒 DNA 聚合酶、不需病毒酵素活化，正可跨越 TK 突變抗藥。A Cidofovir 雖治 CMV 但非本題最佳答案定位；B Fomivirsen 為反義寡核苷酸；D Ganciclovir 需 CMV 的 UL97 激酶活化，對 TK 突變之抗 acyclovir HSV 仍常無效，故非正解。","抗疱疹病毒藥的關鍵分水嶺是「是否需病毒酵素活化」。Acyclovir、Ganciclovir 都需病毒激酶先磷酸化，一旦病毒 TK 或 UL97 突變即失效；Foscarnet 屬焦磷酸類似物，直接與 DNA 聚合酶的焦磷酸結合位作用、不需活化，因此成為抗藥株與 acyclovir 無效 HSV 的救援藥。代價是明顯腎毒性與電解質異常（低血鈣、低血鎂）。記憶法：Foscarnet＝「不用活化的救援兵」。可連結概念：DNA 聚合酶抑制、TK 突變抗藥、CMV 視網膜炎的治療階梯。",[25,27,29,31,33],{"term":17,"count":26},1,{"term":28,"count":26},"病毒 DNA 聚合酶抑制",{"term":30,"count":26},"免病毒酵素活化",{"term":32,"count":26},"CMV 視網膜炎",{"term":34,"count":26},"acyclovir 抗藥 HSV",[36,40,45,50,55,61],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-064","抗癌藥物中，下列何者有明顯的周邊神經毒性與肝毒性？",64,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":26},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-080","宿主細胞的何種機轉必為病毒所用？",80,111,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":26},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-044","下列何種致病菌不是主要經由呼吸道感染人體？",44,112,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-042","對抗病菌後死亡的嗜中性白血球（neutrophil），會由何種細胞清除，以維持組織恆定？",42,113,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":60},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-046","有關腸內菌造成疾病的方式，下列敘述何者最適當？",46,114,3,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-010","關於子宮的敘述，下列何者正確？",10,106,"2026-09-04",1788510727856]