[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-054":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-110-2-基礎醫學-054","nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-054",110,2,54,"如果一個藥物的半衰期為 10 小時，以靜脈輸注此藥物後，在血液中達到穩定濃度所需的時間約多久？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"5 小時","10 小時","20 小時","40 小時","D",null,[],"本題考點為藥物達穩定血中濃度（steady state）所需時間與半衰期的關係。依藥物動力學原理，以固定速率持續靜脈輸注時，血中濃度會逐步累積，約需經過 4～5 個半衰期才達到穩定濃度平原；取常用的約 4 個半衰期估算，半衰期 10 小時者約需 40 小時，故選 D。A 的 5 小時、B 的 10 小時僅約半個至一個半衰期，濃度仍在快速上升，遠未達穩態；C 的 20 小時為 2 個半衰期，約僅達穩態濃度的 75%，仍不足，皆為錯誤選項。","穩態的到達只由半衰期決定，與輸注速率或劑量無關（劑量只改變穩態的高度，不改變到達時間）。記憶口訣：1 個半衰期達 50%、2 個 75%、3 個 87.5%、4 個 93.75%、5 個約 97%，故臨床以 4～5 個半衰期視為達穩態。同理停藥後也需 4～5 個半衰期才幾乎清除。若要更快達穩態可給予負荷劑量（loading dose）先墊高濃度。可連結概念：一階動力學、清除率、分布體積與半衰期公式 t½＝0.693×Vd\u002FCL。",[25,28,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"穩態濃度",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"半衰期",{"term":31,"count":27},"4~5 個半衰期原則",{"term":33,"count":27},"一階動力學",{"term":35,"count":27},"負荷劑量",[37,41,46,51,56,62],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-055","非典型抗憂鬱藥物，下列何者可降低菸癮者對尼古丁的渴求？",55,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":27},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-071","下列何者是影響自體免疫疾病易感性的主要遺傳因子？",71,111,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":27},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-035","下列何種酶可被咖啡因抑制？",35,112,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-033","下列藥物中，何者無法改善幼兒之注意力缺損過動症（attention deficit hyperactivity disorder）？",33,113,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":61},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-037","下列藥物中，何者可活化中樞神經 α2 受體，進而減少交感神經活性而達到降血壓效果？",37,114,3,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":27,"year":65,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-001","皮膚上所見到的雞皮疙瘩現象，與下列何者較無關係？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510727786]