[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-051":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-110-2-基礎醫學-051","nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-051",110,2,51,"治療糖尿病的用藥中，下列何者的主要作用是刺激胰臟β細胞釋放insulin？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"Glyburide","Metformin","Acarbose","Dapagliflozin","A",null,[],"本題考點在口服降血糖藥的作用機轉分類。Glyburide屬磺醯尿素類(sulfonylurea),作用於胰島β細胞膜上的ATP敏感性鉀離子通道,關閉此通道使細胞去極化、鈣離子內流,進而『刺激β細胞釋放胰島素』,故選A。B Metformin屬雙胍類,主要抑制肝臟糖質新生並增加周邊胰島素敏感性,不直接促胰島素分泌;C Acarbose是α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制劑,延緩腸道醣類分解吸收;D Dapagliflozin屬SGLT2抑制劑,促尿糖排出。故直接促胰島素釋放者為Glyburide。","磺醯尿素關閉β細胞K-ATP通道→去極化→電壓鈣通道開→胰島素胞吐,故須有殘存β細胞功能才有效,常見副作用為低血糖與體重增加。對比機轉:metformin(AMPK、減肝糖生成,不致低血糖為第一線)、TZD(PPARγ增敏)、DPP-4抑制劑與GLP-1依血糖增胰島素、SGLT2抑制劑排糖、acarbose延緩吸收。可連結新生兒KATP突變致高胰島素低血糖。",[25,27,30,32],{"term":26,"count":11},"胰島素分泌",{"term":28,"count":29},"磺醯尿素",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"ATP敏感性鉀通道",{"term":33,"count":29},"口服降血糖藥",[35,39,44,49,54,60],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-052","動情素在臨床上用來治療攝護腺癌，是因為下列何種藥理作用？",52,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-068","利用黏試紙（scotch tape test）黏取肛門周邊之蟲卵是用於下列那一種寄生蟲診斷？",68,111,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":29},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-032","下列何者不是短效性鎮靜安眠藥？",32,112,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-030","下列何者最常引起「自發性蛛網膜下腔出血」（spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage）？",30,113,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":59},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-034","用於治療巴金森氏症之藥物中，下列何者最不容易進入腦中產生作用？",34,114,3,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":29},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-078","病毒感染是藉由病毒套膜的糖蛋白 VAP 和細胞受器（receptor）結合而決定其感染細胞的專一性。下列何者是錯誤的結合？",78,106,"2026-09-04",1788510727763]