[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-043":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-110-2-基礎醫學-043","nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-043",110,2,43,"5 歲小男孩，出現腦壓增加、步履不穩的症狀，腦部電腦斷層掃描發現小腦中間有一生長迅速的腫瘤，下列何者是最可能的診斷？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"髓芽母細胞瘤（medulloblastoma）","室管膜瘤（ependymoma）","星狀細胞瘤（astrocytoma）","寡突膠細胞瘤（oligodendroglioma）","A",null,[],"本題考點在兒童後顱窩(小腦)惡性腫瘤的診斷。5歲男童出現腦壓升高與步態不穩(小腦症狀),影像顯示小腦中線(蚓部)快速生長的腫瘤,最符合髓芽母細胞瘤(medulloblastoma),它是兒童最常見的惡性腦瘤之一,好發於小腦蚓部、生長迅速並易阻塞第四腦室造成水腦與顱內壓上升,故選A。B室管膜瘤多長於第四腦室底;C星狀細胞瘤(小腦毛細胞型)偏良性、生長緩慢多囊性;D寡突膠細胞瘤好發成人大腦半球。故最可能為髓芽母細胞瘤。","兒童後顱窩腫瘤四大:medulloblastoma(蚓部、惡性、可沿腦脊髓液播散『drop metastasis』)、pilocytic astrocytoma(囊性含壁結節、預後佳、Rosenthal纖維)、ependymoma(第四腦室、易水腦)、腦幹膠質瘤。medulloblastoma屬胚胎性腫瘤,治療含手術、放療、化療。腦壓升高三徵:頭痛、嘔吐、視乳突水腫。步態不穩指向小腦。",[25,27,29,32],{"term":26,"count":11},"髓芽母細胞瘤",{"term":28,"count":11},"顱內壓升高",{"term":30,"count":31},"小腦蚓部",1,{"term":33,"count":31},"兒童腦瘤",[35,39,44,49,54,60],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-044","關於良性（benign）腫瘤的敘述，下列何者最不適當？",44,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":31},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-060","下列何種藥物具有止吐作用，常合併 metoclopramide 以增強止吐的作用？",60,111,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":31},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-024","下列與發炎關係最少的關節炎是：",24,112,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-022","肝衰竭引發腹部腫大，下列敘述何者最不適當？",22,113,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":59},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-026","家族腺瘤性瘜肉症（familial adenomatous polyposis）主要是因為那個基因產生突變所造成？",26,114,3,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":31},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-070","下列何種疾病是由葡萄球菌引起的？",70,106,"2026-09-04",1788510727678]