[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-037":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-110-2-基礎醫學-037","nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-037",110,2,37,"有關細菌內毒素之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"是革蘭氏陽性細菌細胞壁的一種成分","細菌死亡後釋出","可引起發燒","可引起急性呼吸窘迫症候群","A",null,[],"本題考點在細菌內毒素(endotoxin)的本質與作用,要求找出錯誤敘述。內毒素即脂多醣(LPS),是革蘭氏『陰性』菌外膜的組成,並非革蘭氏陽性菌細胞壁成分,故A敘述錯誤、為答案。B正確,內毒素為細胞壁結構的一部分,通常在細菌死亡裂解後釋出;C正確,LPS的類脂A可刺激巨噬細胞釋放IL-1、TNF等致熱原引起發燒;D正確,大量內毒素可觸發全身炎症反應,導致敗血性休克與急性呼吸窘迫症候群。故選A。","內毒素與外毒素比較:內毒素為LPS(革蘭氏陰性外膜)、耐熱、毒性較弱、不可製成類毒素、活性核心為lipid A;外毒素為分泌性蛋白、不耐熱、毒性強且專一、可製類毒素(如破傷風、白喉)。LPS經TLR4觸發細胞激素風暴→發燒、低血壓、DIC、敗血性休克。可連結內毒素血症的監測與革蘭氏染色鑑別。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"革蘭氏陰性菌",6,{"term":29,"count":30},"內毒素",1,{"term":32,"count":30},"脂多醣",{"term":34,"count":30},"類脂A",[36,40,45,50,55,61],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-038","下列何種病灶的顯微變化與微血管性血管瘤相似，有大量的微血管增生？",38,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":30},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-054","藥物在肝臟代謝的第一期（phase I）反應，不包括下列何者？",54,111,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":30},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-018","下列有關敗血性休克的敘述，何者最不可能發生？",18,112,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-016","有關增強抗凝血作用，下列敘述何者正確？",16,113,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":60},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-020","下列那種神經傳遞物質，對平滑肌細胞最可能會產生興奮性或抑制性作用？",20,114,3,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":30},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-064","帕金森氏症（Parkinson disease）之治療目標，在於重建病人腦中那兩種神經傳遞物質之正常平衡？",64,106,"2026-09-04",1788510727631]