[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-024":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-110-2-基礎醫學-024","nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-024",110,2,24,"下列何種激素最可能造成血管平滑肌的收縮？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"醛固酮（aldosterone）","副甲狀腺素（PTH）","抗利尿激素（ADH）","多巴胺（dopamine）","C",null,[],"本題考點在比較各激素對血管平滑肌張力的作用。抗利尿激素(ADH,又稱vasopressin)除促進腎集尿管再吸收水分外,於高濃度時可作用於血管平滑肌V1受體,活化Gq—磷脂酶C路徑使血管收縮、升高血壓,故選C。A醛固酮主要促鈉再吸收與保水,對血管平滑肌無直接強收縮作用;B副甲狀腺素調節鈣磷代謝,傾向使血管舒張;D多巴胺於低劑量擴張腎血管、並非以直接收縮為主。故最可能造成血管收縮者為ADH。","ADH兩種受體:V1(血管平滑肌,Gq→IP3\u002FCa²⁺→收縮)與V2(腎集尿管,Gs→cAMP→插入aquaporin-2再吸收水)。生理低濃度以V2保水為主,大出血或休克時濃度飆高才顯著收縮血管以維持灌流。對比記憶:aldosterone管『鹽』、ADH管『水與高濃度時的血管』、PTH管『鈣』。可連結尿崩症與抗利尿激素分泌不當症候群(SIADH)的病生理。",[25,28,31,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"抗利尿激素",4,{"term":29,"count":30},"vasopressin",3,{"term":32,"count":33},"V1受體",1,{"term":35,"count":33},"血管平滑肌收縮",[37,41,46,51,55,60],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-025","甲狀腺激素（thyroid hormone）合成的第一個步驟，下列過程何者正確？",25,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":33},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-041","下列何種腦瘤最常見於小於 5 歲兒童的小腦？",41,111,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":33},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-005","在皮膚的構造，與壓覺有關的巴齊尼小體（Pacinian corpuscle）主要分布於何處？",5,112,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":30,"year":54,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-003","下列那一條肌肉的收縮可繃緊聲帶？",113,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":30},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-007","女性月經來潮（menstruation）時，子宮的那一層構造會剝落，造成月經出血？",7,114,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":33},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-051","下列何種膽鹼性致效劑（cholinergic agonists），較適用於治療青光眼？",51,106,"2026-09-04",1788510727520]