[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-023":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-110-2-基礎醫學-023","nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-023",110,2,23,"褪黑激素（melatonin）主要由腦部那一區域的腺體所分泌？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"下視丘（hypothalamus）","上視丘（epithalamus）","視丘（thalamus）","前額葉皮質（prefrontal cortex）","B",null,[],"本題考點在辨識褪黑激素的分泌腺體與所屬腦區。依神經解剖學,松果體(pineal gland)位於間腦的上視丘(epithalamus),負責合成並分泌褪黑激素以調節生理時鐘與睡眠週期,故正解為B。A下視丘主司自律神經與內分泌整合、釋放促素調控腦下垂體,並不分泌褪黑激素;C視丘為感覺訊息的中繼站,與激素分泌無關;D前額葉皮質屬大腦皮質,掌管高階認知與執行功能,並非內分泌腺體。記住松果體歸屬上視丘即可鎖定答案。","松果體透過視網膜—視交叉上核(SCN)—松果體路徑接收光線訊號:白天光線抑制、夜間黑暗促進褪黑激素分泌,故其濃度呈日夜節律。前驅物為色胺酸→血清素→褪黑激素。記憶法:間腦分為視丘、下視丘、上視丘、底視丘;『上』視丘含松果體(melatonin)與韁核。臨床可連結時差、季節性情緒障礙與外源性褪黑激素的應用機轉。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"松果體",4,{"term":29,"count":30},"褪黑激素",3,{"term":32,"count":11},"上視丘",{"term":34,"count":35},"生理時鐘",1,[37,41,46,50,54,59],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-024","下列何種激素最可能造成血管平滑肌的收縮？",24,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":35},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-040","子宮頸癌最可能與何者病毒感染有關？",40,111,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":27,"year":49,"session":35},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-004","下列那個脊髓區段負責支配上肢？",112,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":11,"year":53,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-002","女性體內黃體素（progesterone）的含量在下列子宮週期中何時最高？",113,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":30},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-006","女性青春期時，下列那三種體內的激素，在排卵（ovulation）之前會大量上升？",6,114,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":35},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-050","下列何種交感神經藥物，可用於急性鬱血性心衰竭病人以增加其心輸出量？",50,106,"2026-09-04",1788510727517]