[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-028":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":32,"lastmod":63},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-110-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-028","nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-028",110,1,28,"根據精神疾病診斷準則手冊（diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders：DSM-5），有關譫妄（delirium）的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"記憶障礙是診斷之基本要件","病程慢性化，且症狀逐漸惡化","所產生的認知困擾，包含失去定向感、語言、視覺空間能力","移除致病導因後，通常無法完全恢復","C",null,[],"本題考點為DSM-5譫妄(delirium)的診斷特徵。考點在於辨識「認知困擾包含定向感、語言、視覺空間能力受損」,故選C。依DSM-5,譫妄以急性起病、注意力與意識障礙為核心,並伴隨定向、語言、視覺空間等認知功能受損,且症狀在一日內起伏波動,故C正確。A錯在譫妄的核心是注意力與意識障礙,記憶缺損雖可出現但非基本必要要件。B錯在譫妄病程為急性、短暫且波動,而非慢性漸進惡化(後者較像認知障礙症)。D錯在譫妄多為可逆,移除致病成因(如感染、電解質失衡)後通常可恢復。","譫妄vs認知障礙症(dementia)是老年精神最重要的鑑別:譫妄=急性、意識與注意力障礙、症狀一日內波動、通常可逆、常有可辨識的生理誘因(感染、缺氧、藥物、電解質、術後);認知障礙症=慢性、意識清醒、記憶為早期核心、進行性且多不可逆。記憶法「譫妄看急性與注意力、失智看慢性與記憶」。護理重點在找出並矯正誘因、維持定向(時鐘日曆、熟悉環境、日夜光線)、確保安全。A、B、D三個錯項恰好各自用「記憶為要件、慢性惡化、不可逆」等認知障礙症的特徵來混淆,精準區分兩者即可解題。",[24,26,28,30],{"term":25,"count":10},"DSM-5譫妄診斷",{"term":27,"count":10},"急性意識與注意力障礙",{"term":29,"count":10},"症狀波動且可逆",{"term":31,"count":10},"與認知障礙症鑑別",[33,37,42,47,52,57],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-029","關於認知障礙症病人之臨床症狀，下列何者正確？",29,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":41},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-045","健康里於該年 7 月 1 日總人口數 3,000 人，育齡婦女有 450 人，該年活產嬰兒 60 人，下列健康里的粗出生率（crude birth rate, CBR）何者正確？",45,2,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-059","有關食品添加物之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",59,111,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":41},"nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-017","劉先生診斷妄想症（Delusional Disorder），堅定地認為太太、兒子與鄰居們意圖要下毒害他，下列敘述何者正確？",17,112,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":41},"nurse-113-2-psychiatric-community-041","孫先生腦中風後右側偏癱，無法繼續開計程車，家庭陷入困境，就讀高二的獨子主動尋求里長和社區護理師的協助。護理師運用家庭功能量表（APGAR）評估，孫家符合下列那一項家庭功能？",41,113,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":62},"nurse-114-3-psychiatric-community-035","衛生福利部國民健康署邀請知名運動員擔任拒菸大使，呼籲「我拒菸，我驕傲」，是運用健康信念模式（Health Belief Model）的何種要素？",35,114,3,"2026-09-04",1788510722656]