[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-008":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-110-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-008","nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-008",110,1,8,"病人服用抗精神病藥物，有關錐體外徑副作用（extrapyramidal symptoms; EPS）之敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"會有體溫升高至 41℃以上，與肌肉僵硬","出現斜頸、牙關緊閉和舌頭收縮，稱之為遲發性不自主運動","出現坐立不安、來回走動或原地踏步是出現靜坐不能（akathisia）的現象","出現鼓嘴、不斷眨眼和做鬼臉，是屬於急性肌肉緊張異常（acute dystonia）的現象","C",null,[],"本題考點是抗精神病藥物錐體外副作用的辨識,要挑出正確者。考點在於靜坐不能表現為主觀坐立不安、來回走動或原地踏步,故選 C。選項 A 描述的高燒逾 41℃合併肌肉僵硬屬惡性症候群而非一般錐體外副作用;B 將斜頸、牙關緊閉、舌頭收縮誤稱為遲發性不自主運動,這其實是急性肌張力不全的表現;D 將鼓嘴、眨眼、扮鬼臉等重複刻板動作誤歸為急性肌張力不全,這實為遲發性不自主運動。判斷關鍵在於正確配對各類錐體外副作用的臨床表現。","錐體外副作用因藥物阻斷黑質紋狀體多巴胺而起,四大類:急性肌張力不全(用藥數日內,斜頸、動眼危象、舌與下頷痙攣)、靜坐不能(主觀不安、無法靜坐)、類巴金森症(顫抖、僵硬、面具臉、小碎步)、遲發性不自主運動(長期用藥後口舌臉部重複刻板動作,較難逆轉)。惡性症候群則是高燒、肌肉僵直、自律神經不穩與意識改變的危急狀況。記憶:『急性扭、坐不住、巴金森、遲發嘴』。可連結抗膽鹼藥處置與換藥策略複習。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"遲發性不自主運動",2,{"term":28,"count":10},"錐體外副作用",{"term":30,"count":10},"靜坐不能",{"term":32,"count":10},"急性肌張力不全",[34,38,42,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-009","環境治療應用於急性住院病房之敘述，下列何項較適當？",9,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":26},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-025","有關急性壓力症（acute stress disorder），下列敘述何者錯誤？",25,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-039","承上題，對王小姐因藥物副作用產生的代謝症候群，下列何項護理措施最適當？",39,111,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-077","王老先生 78 歲，接受成人健檢抽血檢查發現腎絲球過濾率值（GFR）為 53 mL\u002Fmin\u002F1.73 m 2 前來健康諮詢。社區護理師的衛教與評估，下列何項最不適宜？",77,112,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":26},"nurse-113-2-psychiatric-community-021","有關老年憂鬱症的治療，下列敘述何者最不適切？",21,113,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":62},"nurse-114-3-psychiatric-community-015","小宣，18 歲，家中發生大火，導致房屋全毀，腿部燒傷約 10%，有強烈的焦慮及憂鬱反應，目前首要的災難危機處置目標，下列何者最適當？",15,114,3,"2026-09-04",1788510722457]