[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-074":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-110-1-內外科護理學-074","nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-074",110,1,74,"長期接受血液透析的病人，突然意識改變、出現抽筋及肌肉無力情況，入急診求治，抽血檢查結果：尿素氮／肌酸酐 120 mg\u002FdL／10.6 mg\u002FdL、鉀離子 7.8 mg\u002FdL、鈉離子 135 mg\u002FdL，動脈血液氣體分析結果：pH 7.28、PaO 70 mmHg、PaCO 30 mmHg、 HCO _ 20 mEq\u002FL。下列判斷何者正確？ 2 2 3",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"未代償性呼吸性酸中毒","部分代償性代謝性酸中毒","完全代償性呼吸性鹼中毒","未代償性代謝性鹼中毒","B",null,[],"本題考點在於動脈血液氣體分析的酸鹼判讀。數據pH 7.28偏低屬酸血症，HCO₃⁻ 20 mEq\u002FL低於正常代表代謝性酸中毒為主因，PaCO₂ 30 mmHg亦下降顯示呼吸系統已代償，但pH仍未回到正常範圍，屬部分代償，故選B部分代償性代謝性酸中毒。選項A錯在pH與HCO₃⁻方向指向代謝性而非呼吸性，且PaCO₂已下降表示有代償。選項C錯在pH仍異常非完全代償，且原發問題非呼吸性鹼中毒。選項D錯在pH偏酸為酸中毒而非鹼中毒。此病人長期透析、腎衰竭正符合代謝性酸中毒背景。","ABG判讀四步驟：一看pH定酸鹼（7.28＜7.35＝酸血症）；二看HCO₃⁻與PaCO₂何者符合pH方向（HCO₃⁻20低→代謝性酸中毒為主）；三看代償（PaCO₂30低於40，呼吸過度換氣代償）；四看代償程度（pH未回正常＝部分代償，回到正常＝完全代償）。此病人腎衰竭致酸性代謝物堆積與高血鉀，正是代謝性酸中毒典型場景。代償方向記憶：代謝性酸中毒→呼吸加深加快排CO₂（Kussmaul呼吸）。可連結：陰離子間隙、Kussmaul呼吸、腎衰竭酸中毒、代償機轉。",[24,27,30,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"代謝性酸中毒",22,{"term":28,"count":29},"部分代償",3,{"term":31,"count":32},"動脈血氣分析",2,{"term":34,"count":10},"腎衰竭酸鹼失衡",[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-075","承上題，下列處置何者錯誤？",75,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-011","有關預防傾倒症候群（Dumping Syndrome）的護理指導，下列何者正確？",11,111,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":32},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-025","有關扁桃腺炎的處置，下列何者錯誤？",25,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":32},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-063","有關急迫性尿失禁之照護，下列敘述何者正確？①可給予副交感神經藥物 ②指導膀胱訓練法 ③指導病人使用尿失禁輔助用品如護墊或尿布 ④施行人工尿道括約肌植入術",63,112,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":29},"nurse-113-3-medical-surgical-037","下列何者最適合用於肺結核病人之診斷檢查？",37,113,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":10},"nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-031","有關全身性紅斑性狼瘡（SLE）之臨床表徵，下列敘述何者錯誤？",31,115,"2026-09-04",1788510721494]