[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-070":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-110-1-內外科護理學-070","nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-070",110,1,70,"有關糖尿病病人產生腎臟病變之敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"採高蛋白飲食可預防腎功能惡化","是造成糖尿病病人最主要的死因","只會出現在第 2 型糖尿病病人","因腎絲球基底膜變薄且通透性降低所造成","B",null,[],"本題考點在於糖尿病腎病變的臨床意義。糖尿病腎病變是造成末期腎病與病人死亡的重要原因，依國考標準敘述以此為最主要死因，故選B。選項A錯在腎功能受損時高蛋白飲食會加重腎絲球負荷、加速惡化，應採適度限蛋白，並非預防惡化。選項C錯在第1型與第2型糖尿病病人皆可能發生腎病變，並非只見於第2型。選項D錯在其病生理為腎絲球基底膜增厚且通透性增加（導致蛋白尿），並非基底膜變薄、通透性降低，機轉方向恰好相反。故敘述正確者為B。","糖尿病腎病變病生理：長期高血糖使腎絲球基底膜增厚、繫膜擴張、出球小動脈相對收縮造成腎絲球高過濾與高壓，通透性上升先出現微量白蛋白尿，漸進至顯性蛋白尿與腎絲球硬化（Kimmelstiel-Wilson結節）。防治核心：嚴格控糖（HbA1c）、控血壓（ACEI\u002FARB可降腎絲球內壓且減蛋白尿）、限蛋白飲食。此題「最主要死因」屬國考制式敘述，記憶時把腎病變視為糖尿病重大慢性併發症之一。可連結：微量白蛋白尿、ACEI腎保護、腎絲球高過濾、Kimmelstiel-Wilson結節。",[24,27,30,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"糖尿病腎病變",4,{"term":28,"count":29},"蛋白尿",3,{"term":31,"count":32},"限蛋白飲食",2,{"term":34,"count":10},"腎絲球基底膜增厚",[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-071","有關糖化血色素（HbA1c）檢查之敘述，下列何者正確？",71,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-007","有關腦波檢查的護理措施，下列何者錯誤？",7,111,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":32},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-021","有關骨科手術合併症的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",21,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":32},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-059","有關多重共病腎衰竭病人之服藥注意事項，下列何者錯誤？",59,112,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":29},"nurse-113-3-medical-surgical-033","有關病人的動脈血液氣體分析結果，下列何者應立即報告醫師？",33,113,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":10},"nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-027","王先生常年受過敏所苦，想要知道那種過敏原引起過敏反應，下列何項診斷檢查最合適？",27,115,"2026-09-04",1788510721456]