[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":68},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-049":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":37,"lastmod":67},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-110-1-內外科護理學-049","nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-049",110,1,49,"有關心臟衰竭合併肺水腫病人之護理措施及其原理的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"應採頭低腳高的姿勢，以增加回心血量","應限制液體的攝入量，以減少心臟的後負荷","必要時可以依醫囑給予嗎啡，以減輕前後負荷","須限制給氧，以減輕心臟負擔","C",null,[],"本題考點為心臟衰竭合併肺水腫的護理措施與原理。考點在於減輕心臟前後負荷與改善換氣，必要時可依醫囑給予嗎啡，其能擴張靜脈與小動脈以降低前後負荷、並緩解焦慮與呼吸窘迫，故 C 正確。A 錯在姿勢，應採端坐或高坐臥以減少回心血量、減輕肺充血，而非頭低腳高增加回心。B 錯在原理，限制液體攝入是為減少前負荷（血容量），而非後負荷。D 錯在給氧，肺水腫換氣受損反而需增加供氧，而非限制給氧。","急性肺水腫處置口訣 LMNOP：Lasix（利尿降前負荷）、Morphine（擴血管、降前後負荷、緩焦慮）、Nitrates（硝酸鹽擴血管）、Oxygen（供氧，必要時正壓通氣）、Position（端坐、雙腳下垂減回心血量）。前負荷＝心室舒張末容積（受血容量與回心血量影響），後負荷＝射血阻力。心衰竭失代償時肺靜脈壓上升致液體滲入肺泡。記憶：坐起來、給氧、利尿、擴血管；嗎啡一藥同降前後負荷。",[24,27,30,33,35],{"term":25,"count":26},"肺水腫",9,{"term":28,"count":29},"心臟衰竭",7,{"term":31,"count":32},"嗎啡",2,{"term":34,"count":10},"前後負荷",{"term":36,"count":10},"端坐臥位",[38,42,46,51,56,62],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-050","有關類風濕性關節炎的醫療處置，下列敘述何者正確？",50,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":9,"session":32},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-066","引起代謝性酸中毒的原因，下列何者正確？①延腦異常 ②急性腎衰竭 ③肺擴張不全 ④血糖過高",66,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-080","有關腸病毒之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",80,111,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":32},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-038","王小姐最喜歡吃速食，餐餐吃都不膩，最近出現口炎、吞嚥困難且指甲萎縮變薄呈湯匙狀，醫師告知為貧血，王小姐最有可能罹患那一種貧血？",38,112,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":61},"nurse-113-3-medical-surgical-012","承上題，有關此類病人的護理措施，下列何者最適宜？",12,113,3,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":65,"year":66,"session":10},"nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-006","有關急性胰臟炎的敘述，下列何者正確？",6,115,"2026-09-04",1788510721240]