[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-048":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-110-1-內外科護理學-048","nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-048",110,1,48,"有關愛滋病檢驗的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"T 4 與 T 8 的比值大於 1","當 CD4 細胞小於 400\u002Fμl 時，容易出現伺機性感染","沒有空窗期","西方墨點試驗是一種確定診斷的檢驗法","D",null,[],"本題考點為愛滋病（HIV\u002FAIDS）的檢驗判讀。考點在於確診方法，西方墨點試驗（Western blot）用於偵測 HIV 特異性抗體，作為篩檢陽性後的確認診斷檢驗，故 D 正確。A 錯在比值，愛滋病人 CD4（T4）遭破壞使 T4\u002FT8 比值下降至小於 1，而非大於 1。B 錯在數值，一般在 CD4 小於 200\u002Fμl 時才明顯易出現伺機性感染，非 400。C 錯在空窗期，感染初期抗體尚未產生仍有空窗期，此期抗體檢驗可能陰性。故選 D。","HIV 檢驗流程：先以 ELISA 篩檢抗體（敏感度高），陽性再以 Western blot 確認（專一性高）以排除偽陽性；現行亦有第四代抗原抗體合檢與核酸檢測縮短空窗期。空窗期＝感染後抗體尚未達可測濃度的期間（約數週），此時抗體檢驗可能陰性但具傳染力。CD4\u003C200\u002Fμl 為 AIDS 定義閾值，伺機性感染（如肺囊蟲肺炎）風險大增。記憶：ELISA 先篩、Western blot 確診、CD4\u003C200 拉警報、空窗期存在。",[24,27,30,32,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"伺機性感染",7,{"term":28,"count":29},"空窗期",2,{"term":31,"count":10},"愛滋病",{"term":33,"count":10},"西方墨點試驗",{"term":35,"count":10},"CD4細胞",[37,41,45,50,55,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-049","有關心臟衰竭合併肺水腫病人之護理措施及其原理的敘述，下列何者正確？",49,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":9,"session":29},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-065","有關急迫性尿失禁的護理措施，下列何者最不適當？",65,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-079","病人輸血 10 分鐘時出現蕁麻疹及哮喘之處置，下列何者錯誤？",79,111,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":29},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-037","下列何項處置最能減緩因接受化學治療而發生口腔黏膜損傷所造成的疼痛？",37,112,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":60},"nurse-113-3-medical-surgical-011","60 歲女性病人主訴清晨會出現左側膝關節僵硬，熱敷後僵硬可以改善，且上下樓梯時關節會有輾軋音。下列何者為病人最可能的疾病診斷？",11,113,3,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":10},"nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-005","病人跌倒造成腦部枕葉受損時出現的症狀，下列何者正確？",5,115,"2026-09-04",1788510721235]