[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-041":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":32,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-110-1-內外科護理學-041","nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-041",110,1,41,"有關骨髓移植後病人產生移植物抗宿主疾病（Graft-versus-host Disease; GVHD）症狀，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"膽紅素上升","皮疹","肝功能受損","便祕","D",null,[],"本題考點為骨髓移植後移植物抗宿主疾病（GVHD）的受侵器官表現，題目要選「錯誤」者。考點在於 GVHD 主要侵犯皮膚、肝臟與腸胃道三大標的：皮膚出現皮疹、肝臟受損使膽紅素與肝功能指數上升、腸道受侵則以腹瀉表現。便祕並非 GVHD 的典型症狀，故選 D。A 膽紅素上升屬肝臟侵犯，正確。B 皮疹屬皮膚侵犯，正確。C 肝功能受損屬肝臟侵犯，正確。此題只要記住 GVHD 侵犯的是「皮、肝、腸（腹瀉）」即可鎖定便祕為錯。","GVHD 機轉：異體移植物中的供者 T 淋巴球辨識宿主組織為外來抗原而發動攻擊。急性 GVHD 三大標的：皮膚（斑丘疹，可自手掌腳掌起）、肝（膽汁鬱積、膽紅素與 ALP／肝酵素上升）、腸道（大量水瀉、腹痛，非便祕）。慢性 GVHD 可致硬皮樣皮膚與口乾眼乾。預防用免疫抑制劑。記憶：GVHD 打「皮肝腸」，腸道是拉肚子不是便祕，故便祕為破題錯項。",[24,26,28,29,30],{"term":25,"count":10},"移植物抗宿主疾病",{"term":27,"count":10},"骨髓移植",{"term":15,"count":10},{"term":14,"count":10},{"term":31,"count":10},"腹瀉",[33,37,42,47,52,58],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-042","下列何者不是嚴重缺鐵性貧血病人常見的症狀？",42,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":41},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-058","護理一位出現肺水腫症狀與徵候的病人，下列措施之順序，何者最適當？①經由鼻導管給與 2 L\u002Fmin 氧氣治療 ②呼叫醫師 ③協助病人採高坐臥 ④準備床邊抽痰用物",58,2,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-072","有關糖化血紅素（HbA1c）的敘述，下列何者正確？",72,111,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":41},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-030","有關血管產生動脈粥狀硬化（atherosclerosis）的病理機轉，下列敘述何者錯誤？",30,112,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":57},"nurse-113-3-medical-surgical-004","有關癲癇病人的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",4,113,3,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":57},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-048","嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎（COVID-19）病人之呼吸照護，下列敘述何者最適當？",48,114,"2026-09-04",1788510721171]