[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":68},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-023":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":37,"lastmod":67},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-110-1-內外科護理學-023","nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-023",110,1,23,"關於糖尿病性酮酸中毒（DKA）的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"屬於原發性呼吸性酸中毒","易發生在第 1 型糖尿病病人身上","昏迷前常出現陳施氏呼吸","急性期需及時補充葡萄糖來緩解症狀","B",null,[],"本題考點為糖尿病性酮酸中毒（DKA）的病生理與好發族群。DKA 因胰島素絕對缺乏、脂肪分解產生大量酮體堆積，屬於代謝性酸中毒，而胰島素絕對缺乏正是第 1 型糖尿病的特徵，故好發於第 1 型病人，選 B。A 錯在酸鹼分類，DKA 是代謝性酸中毒而非原發性呼吸性酸中毒。C 錯在呼吸型態，昏迷前出現的是深而快的庫斯毛耳氏呼吸（Kussmaul），非陳施氏呼吸。D 錯在治療方向，急性期血糖已過高，處置是補充胰島素與生理食鹽水降糖降酮，而非補葡萄糖。","DKA 三聯：高血糖（>250 mg\u002FdL）、酮體陽性、血中 pH\u003C7.3 或 HCO₃⁻ 下降。機轉為胰島素缺乏使葡萄糖無法進入細胞，身體改以脂肪分解供能，產生 β-羥丁酸與乙醯乙酸等酮酸。Kussmaul 呼吸是身體以呼吸排出 CO₂ 代償代謝性酸中毒的表現，口氣帶爛蘋果味（丙酮）。對比：HHS（高血糖高滲透壓）好發第 2 型、無明顯酮酸。記憶：第 1 型缺胰島素→燒脂肪→酮體→酸中毒。",[24,27,30,33,35],{"term":25,"count":26},"代謝性酸中毒",22,{"term":28,"count":29},"糖尿病酮酸中毒",8,{"term":31,"count":32},"第1型糖尿病",2,{"term":34,"count":10},"庫斯毛耳氏呼吸",{"term":36,"count":10},"酮體",[38,42,46,51,56,61],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-024","因呼吸衰竭而血中二氧化碳分壓（PaCO 2 ）過高時，下列症狀何者最可能立即危及生命？",24,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":9,"session":32},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-040","有關瀕死病人護理的敘述，下列何者正確？①出現瀕死前的嘎嘎聲是因為喉嚨有痰，要給予抽痰 ②肛門附近周圍皮膚傷口可使用氧化鋅 ③要鼓勵病人進食，以增加舒適感 ④瀕死病人對刺激無反應時，其聽力也會喪失 ⑤意識不清病人宜採側臥，以利分泌物流出",40,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-054","病人行氣管內插管後聽診呼吸音時，發現左側肺部呼吸音減弱但右側正常，下列何者為導致此情形最可能的原因？",54,111,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":32},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-012","有關潰瘍性結腸炎（ulcerative colitis）的敘述，下列何者正確？①易侵犯全腸壁 ②易造成肛門瘻管 ③易有裡急後重感 ④糞便中經常帶血",12,112,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":32},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-036","有關急性呼吸窘迫症候群（ARDS）病人使用機械性通氣時，配合使用呼氣末端正壓（PEEP）之目的，下列何者錯誤？",36,113,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":66},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-030","有關感染後天免疫缺乏症候群（AIDS）之危險因子，下列敘述何者最不適當？",30,114,3,"2026-09-04",1788510720949]