[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-010":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":32,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-110-1-內外科護理學-010","nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-010",110,1,10,"有關各種肝硬化的臨床表徵，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"壞死後肝硬化會出現黃疸","膽源性肝硬化會出現脂肪便","酒精性肝硬化會出現全身搔癢","心因性肝硬化會出現肝臟腫大","C",null,[],"本題考點為各型肝硬化的臨床表徵,題目要選錯誤者。依病生理,全身搔癢源於膽汁鬱積、膽鹽沉積皮膚,最典型見於膽源性(膽汁性)肝硬化,而非酒精性肝硬化,故選項 C『酒精性肝硬化會出現全身搔癢』敘述錯誤,為本題答案。選項 A 正確,壞死後肝硬化因肝細胞大量壞死、膽紅素代謝受損而出現黃疸;選項 B 正確,膽源性肝硬化因膽汁排出受阻、脂肪消化不良而出現脂肪便;選項 D 正確,心因性肝硬化因右心衰竭致肝靜脈鬱血,肝臟因充血而腫大。三者配對皆符合機轉,唯 C 把膽汁鬱積的搔癢誤植到酒精性。","搔癢=膽鹽沉積皮膚,是膽汁鬱積(膽源性、阻塞性黃疸)的招牌;酒精性肝硬化以門脈高壓、腹水、蜘蛛痣、男性女乳為主。心因性(cardiac cirrhosis)源自右心衰的被動性肝鬱血,故肝腫大、頸靜脈怒張並行。辨題法:把每型肝硬化的『上游病因』想清楚,搔癢一律回推到膽汁去路被堵。",[24,26,28,30],{"term":25,"count":10},"肝硬化分型",{"term":27,"count":10},"膽源性肝硬化與搔癢",{"term":29,"count":10},"膽鹽沉積",{"term":31,"count":10},"心因性肝硬化肝腫大",[33,37,42,47,52,57],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-011","有關肝性腦病變之醫護處置，下列何者正確？",11,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":41},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-027","有關高血壓病人服用 Propranolol（Inderal）的護理指導，下列何者正確？①需確認病人有無氣喘 ②服藥前宜先檢查心跳次數 ③副作用有低血鈉 ④副作用會造成脫水",27,2,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-041","有關癌症病人出血問題之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",41,111,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-079","下列何者不需採取腸道隔離？",79,112,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":41},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-023","有關常見腫瘤標記的應用，下列何者正確？ ①癌胚抗原（CEA）可監測結腸直腸癌治療效果 ②癌抗原 125（CA125）可監測胰臟癌與消化道腫瘤 ③前列腺特異抗原（PSA）為前列腺癌的偵測與治療指標 ④癌抗原 15-3（CA15-3）可監測晚期或合併遠端轉移乳癌之治療反應 ⑤α-胎兒蛋白（AFP）為監測肺癌治療後的指標",23,113,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":62},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-017","58 歲中年婦女，平日血壓約為 138\u002F88 mmHg，沒有糖尿病與其他心血管疾病，BMI 為 30 kg\u002Fm 2 ，飲食偏好重油滷肉類食物，沒有抽菸與喝酒習慣，日常活動多為家務勞動，下列敘述何者最不適當？",17,114,3,"2026-09-04",1788510720814]