[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-maternal-pediatric-076":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"產兒科護理學","maternal-pediatric",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-110-1-產兒科護理學-076","nurse-110-1-maternal-pediatric-076",110,1,76,"有關病童罹患膀胱輸尿管逆流（Vesicoureteral Reflux; VUR）的初期臨床表徵，下列敘述何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"排尿疼痛有灼熱感","無尿意感","出現下肢骨突處凹陷性水腫","總膽固醇與三酸甘油脂數值上升","A",null,[],"本題考點是膀胱輸尿管逆流的初期臨床表徵。考點在於逆流會使尿液滯留與逆行,增加泌尿道感染機會,初期常以感染症狀表現,如排尿疼痛與灼熱感,故選 A。選項 B 錯,無尿意感並非其典型初期表現;C 錯,下肢骨突處凹陷性水腫是心衰竭或低白蛋白等造成,與逆流無關;D 錯,總膽固醇與三酸甘油脂上升是腎病症候群的特徵,並非膀胱輸尿管逆流。判斷關鍵在於逆流初期以反覆泌尿道感染的排尿症狀為主要線索。","膀胱輸尿管逆流是尿液由膀胱異常逆流回輸尿管甚至腎臟,依逆流程度分五級。逆流使尿液不完全排空並將細菌帶往上泌尿道,故臨床常以反覆泌尿道感染呈現,表現排尿灼熱、頻尿、發燒;長期未控制可致腎瘢痕與腎功能受損。診斷以排尿性膀胱尿道攝影(VCUG)分級,輕度可預防性抗生素,重度考慮手術。記憶:『逆流→尿滯留→反覆感染→腎瘢痕』。可連結泌尿道感染照護與腎病症候群水腫作對比複習。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"膀胱輸尿管逆流",3,{"term":28,"count":26},"逆流分級",{"term":30,"count":10},"反覆泌尿道感染",{"term":32,"count":10},"排尿灼熱",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-maternal-pediatric-077","周小弟，12 歲，因打球跌倒導致右側脛腓骨骨折，已上石膏住院治療，下列護理措施何者錯誤？",77,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-maternal-pediatric-013","有關待產時裝置胎兒監測器的注意事項，下列何者錯誤？",13,111,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":47},"nurse-111-2-maternal-pediatric-027","有關剖腹產後陰道生產（vaginal birth after cesarean, VBAC）的敘述，下列何者正確？",27,2,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":47},"nurse-112-2-maternal-pediatric-065","劉小弟，5 歲，因心室中膈缺損長期服用毛地黃，入院行右心導管檢查，有關劉小弟之照護措施，何者最正確？",65,112,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":26},"nurse-113-3-maternal-pediatric-039","10 歲的連小妹持續乾咳多日，有輕微發燒，胸部 X 光檢查發現兩側下肺葉呈現間質性浸潤，痰中的單核白血球上升，且家中的雙胞胎妹妹也曾有類似的症狀，下列何者為連小妹罹患肺炎最可能的致病因子？",39,113,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-115-1-maternal-pediatric-033","依據皮亞傑（Piaget）理論，有關兒童對疾病概念之發展，兒童能瞭解疾病乃由器官功能不良造成，下列那一個階段正確？",33,115,"2026-09-04",1788510722314]