[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-maternal-pediatric-049":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":64},"產兒科護理學","maternal-pediatric",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-110-1-產兒科護理學-049","nurse-110-1-maternal-pediatric-049",110,1,49,"有關兒童常用的鴉片類製劑（opioids）疼痛處置，下列敘述何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"此類藥物適用於兒童中度至重度的疼痛","主要抑制前列腺素的合成，而有鎮痛效果","常見副作用包括胃潰瘍、腹瀉、出血性腎炎","Morphine 與雷氏症候群有關，不建議兒童使用","A",null,[],"本題考點是兒童鴉片類製劑（opioids）的適應症與藥理特性。考點在於辨識正確敘述並區辨與非類固醇消炎止痛藥（NSAID）的差異。依疼痛階梯，鴉片類作用於中樞鴉片受體，適用於兒童中度至重度疼痛，故選 A。B 錯在抑制前列腺素合成而止痛是 NSAID 的機轉，非鴉片類。C 錯在胃潰瘍、出血性腎炎等屬 NSAID 的典型副作用，鴉片類主要副作用為便秘、鎮靜與呼吸抑制。D 錯在與雷氏症候群有關的是水楊酸類（aspirin），並非嗎啡。故正解為 A。","疼痛藥理兩大類對照：鴉片類（morphine、fentanyl）作用於中樞 μ 受體，用於中重度疼痛，副作用為便秘、噁心、鎮靜與劑量相關呼吸抑制，過量以 naloxone 解毒；NSAID 抑制環氧化酶減少前列腺素合成，用於輕中度疼痛與發炎，副作用含胃腸潰瘍出血與腎功能影響。Aspirin 因與兒童病毒感染後雷氏症候群相關，兒童發燒退燒禁用。記住「鴉片走中樞、NSAID 走前列腺素」即可快速分辨選項歸屬。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"雷氏症候群",4,{"term":28,"count":10},"鴉片類製劑",{"term":30,"count":10},"鴉片受體",{"term":32,"count":10},"NSAID機轉",[34,38,43,48,53,59],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-maternal-pediatric-050","嬰兒最早發展的知覺為下列何者？",50,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":42},"nurse-110-2-maternal-pediatric-066","30 週早產之男嬰，出生體重 1,500 公克，診斷開放性動脈導管（patent ductus arteriosus），以 Indomethacin 靜脈注射治療，下列敘述何者正確？",66,2,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-maternal-pediatric-080","張小妹，10 歲，罹患腦膜炎，出現顱內壓增高（Increased intracranial pressure, IICP），下列護理措施何者不適當？",80,111,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":42},"nurse-112-2-maternal-pediatric-038","有關人工授精之適應症，下列何者錯誤？",38,112,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":58},"nurse-113-3-maternal-pediatric-012","有關產後憂鬱症（postpartum depression）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",12,113,3,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":10},"nurse-115-1-maternal-pediatric-006","懷孕 30 週孕婦抱怨下背痛，可優先教導下列何種運動？",6,115,"2026-09-04",1788510722037]