[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-maternal-pediatric-028":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":32,"lastmod":63},"產兒科護理學","maternal-pediatric",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-110-1-產兒科護理學-028","nurse-110-1-maternal-pediatric-028",110,1,28,"下列新生兒的皮膚評估，何者為異常？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"出生時臀部有蒙古斑","出生後 2～3 天胸腹部出現毒性紅斑","出生時先露部位有紅紫色瘀點（Petechiae）","出生時臉部有葡萄色酒斑","D",null,[],"本題考點是新生兒皮膚評估中正常與異常表徵的辨別。考點在於臉部葡萄酒色斑（port-wine stain，鮮紅斑痣）是真皮微血管畸形所致的永久性血管病灶，不會自行消退，且位於臉部者可能與Sturge-Weber症候群相關，屬異常，故D正確為異常。A蒙古斑是薦臀部藍灰色色素沉著，屬正常、數年內漸退。B毒性紅斑（erythema toxicum）為出生後2至3天常見的良性一過性紅斑丘疹，屬正常。C先露部位的瘀點（petechiae）多因產道擠壓所致、範圍侷限，屬正常。辨明「暫時性生理表徵」與「永久性血管畸形」的差異是解題核心。","新生兒常見良性皮膚表徵要能一眼分辨：蒙古斑（真皮黑色素細胞殘留，數年淡化）、毒性紅斑（過敏性良性紅斑，數日消退）、粟粒疹（milia，皮脂腺阻塞小白點）、鮭魚色斑（stork bite，微血管擴張，多自退）皆屬正常。鮮紅斑痣（port-wine stain）則是不會消退的微血管畸形，沿三叉神經第一分支分布者須警覺Sturge-Weber症候群（合併軟腦膜血管瘤、癲癇、青光眼），需就醫評估。廣泛或先露部以外的瘀點若合併出血傾向，也需區辨凝血問題。掌握「會不會自退」是鑑別良惡的關鍵軸。",[24,26,28,30],{"term":25,"count":10},"鮮紅斑痣port-wine stain",{"term":27,"count":10},"Sturge-Weber症候群",{"term":29,"count":10},"毒性紅斑良性",{"term":31,"count":10},"蒙古斑與瘀點",[33,37,42,47,52,57],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-maternal-pediatric-029","有關新生兒免疫系統的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",29,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":41},"nurse-110-2-maternal-pediatric-045","小莉，3 歲，因被熱湯潑及，處於燒燙傷急救期（emergent period），當小莉在低血量休克狀態下時，下列何者為最有效的止痛劑給予途徑？",45,2,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-maternal-pediatric-059","有關川崎氏症的護理指導，下列敘述何者不適當？",59,111,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":41},"nurse-112-2-maternal-pediatric-017","周女士，G 1 P 0 ，懷孕 39 週，因破水且子宮頸口開 3 公分。以臺灣目前臨床實務最常見的電子胎兒監測方式，下列護理師的說明，何者不適當？",17,112,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":41},"nurse-113-2-maternal-pediatric-041","下列何者為急性淋巴性白血病最有效之鑑別診斷？",41,113,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":62},"nurse-114-3-maternal-pediatric-035","小敏，出生後診斷胎便吸入症候群（meconium aspiration syndrome），有關護理照護措施，下列敘述何者不適當？",35,114,3,"2026-09-04",1788510721843]