[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-maternal-pediatric-009":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"產兒科護理學","maternal-pediatric",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-110-1-產兒科護理學-009","nurse-110-1-maternal-pediatric-009",110,1,9,"有關胎兒呼吸系統發育，下列敘述何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"胎兒在 28 週，肺表面張力素開始製造","胎兒娩出後，才開始有呼吸動作","胎兒在子宮內有呼吸動作易造成羊水吸入","肺表面張力素過少易造成新生兒呼吸窘迫症候群","D",null,[],"本題考點是胎兒呼吸系統發育與肺表面張力素的功能。考點在於肺表面張力素（surfactant）由第二型肺泡細胞分泌，能降低肺泡表面張力、維持肺泡不塌陷，若分泌過少肺泡於呼氣時塌陷、造成新生兒呼吸窘迫症候群（RDS），故D正確。A錯在肺表面張力素約自24週開始少量製造、34–35週後才充足，並非28週才開始製造。B錯在胎兒在子宮內即有規律的呼吸樣運動（fetal breathing movement），並非娩出後才開始。C錯在胎兒的呼吸樣運動吸入的是肺內液體而非羊水，正常不會造成羊水吸入。理解surfactant的抗塌陷角色是本題核心。","肺表面張力素主成分為卵磷脂（lecithin），依拉普拉斯定律降低肺泡表面張力，避免小肺泡被大肺泡吸空塌陷。臨床以羊水L\u002FS比值≥2判斷肺成熟。早產兒（尤其\u003C34週）surfactant不足，肺泡反覆塌陷、換氣困難，X光呈毛玻璃樣與空氣支氣管徵象，即RDS。產前給予類固醇（betamethasone）可加速肺成熟、產後可補充外源性surfactant。胎兒在宮內的呼吸樣運動有助肺部發育與橫膈訓練，是生物物理評估的評分項目之一。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"L\u002FS比值",4,{"term":28,"count":29},"肺表面張力素",3,{"term":31,"count":10},"第二型肺泡細胞",{"term":33,"count":10},"新生兒呼吸窘迫症候群RDS",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-maternal-pediatric-010","有關受精的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",10,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":9,"session":43},"nurse-110-2-maternal-pediatric-026","下列那一個新生兒篩檢項目為檢測性聯染色體隱性遺傳疾病？",26,2,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-maternal-pediatric-040","有關乳房纖維腺瘤之敘述，下列何者正確？",40,111,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-maternal-pediatric-078","有關雷氏症候群（Reye’s syndrome）的臨床表徵，下列敘述何者錯誤？",78,112,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":43},"nurse-113-2-maternal-pediatric-022","下列那些為重度子癇前症的危險徵候和症狀？①嚴重頭痛 ②視力模糊 ③4 小時尿量為 400 mL ④血清肌酐酸持續下降",22,113,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":29},"nurse-114-3-maternal-pediatric-016","有關產後憂鬱，下列敘述何者錯誤？",16,114,"2026-09-04",1788510721640]