[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-maternal-pediatric-002":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":32,"lastmod":61},"產兒科護理學","maternal-pediatric",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-110-1-產兒科護理學-002","nurse-110-1-maternal-pediatric-002",110,1,2,"有關產婦接受腰椎硬膜外麻醉術可能發生的合併症，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"低血壓","胎兒心跳變異性增加","脊髓性頭痛","排尿困難","B",null,[],"本題考點在於產婦腰椎硬膜外麻醉的可能合併症。硬膜外麻醉阻斷交感神經常致母體低血壓，進而使胎盤灌流下降，臨床上多見胎兒心跳變異性「減少」而非增加，故敘述錯誤者為B。選項A正確，交感神經阻斷造成周邊血管擴張，是硬膜外麻醉常見的低血壓合併症。選項C正確，若穿刺不慎刺破硬脊膜致腦脊髓液外漏，可引起脊髓性（姿勢性）頭痛。選項D正確，麻醉影響膀胱感覺與括約肌功能，易出現排尿困難或尿滯留。故將胎心變異性方向誤判為增加者為B。","硬膜外麻醉合併症串聯機轉：交感神經阻斷→周邊血管擴張→母體低血壓→子宮胎盤灌流下降→胎兒可能出現心搏過緩與變異性下降，故護理重點是麻醉前輸液擴容、監測血壓與連續胎心監測、必要時左側臥改善下腔靜脈受壓。若刺破硬脊膜致腦脊髓液外漏則產生姿勢性頭痛，平躺與補充水分可緩解。膀胱功能受抑須留意尿滯留。變異性「減少」是胎兒窘迫或用藥的警訊，非麻醉會增加變異。可連結：子宮胎盤灌流、胎心變異性、姿勢性頭痛、左側臥擺位。",[24,27,28,30],{"term":25,"count":26},"硬膜外麻醉",7,{"term":16,"count":11},{"term":29,"count":10},"母體低血壓",{"term":31,"count":10},"胎心變異性減少",[33,37,41,46,51,56],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-maternal-pediatric-003","有關妊娠期腸胃系統的變化所造成孕婦不適的現象，下列敘述何項正確？",3,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-maternal-pediatric-019","張女士產後第一天，表示：「初乳黃黃黏黏的，聽說對嬰兒不好，等等我把它擠掉以後再餵奶。」，下列敘述何者正確？",19,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-maternal-pediatric-033","有關孕婦接受 B 群（乙型）鏈球菌篩檢之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",33,111,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-maternal-pediatric-071","罹患癌症之嬰幼兒，需要接受骨髓穿刺檢查，最常選擇的部位為何？",71,112,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-maternal-pediatric-015","護理師進入病室時發現新生兒哭泣，產婦表示：「我都等寶寶哭，確定寶寶餓了，然後再餵奶。」下列何項護理指導最適當？",15,113,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":36},"nurse-114-3-maternal-pediatric-009","有關足月胎兒的頭部，下列敘述何者錯誤？",9,114,"2026-09-04",1788510721558]