[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-065":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-110-1-基礎醫學-065","nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-065",110,1,65,"下列何者存在於動物細胞，而不存在於細菌？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"核糖體（ribosome）","細胞壁（cell wall）","質體（plasmid）","溶酶體（lysosome）","D",null,[],"本題考點是真核與原核細胞的構造差異。依細胞學，溶酶體屬單層膜包被的胞器，而細菌為原核生物、缺乏膜性胞器，故溶酶體存在於動物細胞而不見於細菌，選D。核糖體為蛋白質合成場所，細菌亦有(70S型)，非動物專屬；細胞壁反而是細菌有、動物細胞無；質體為細菌額外的環狀DNA，也非動物細胞特徵。三者皆不符「動物有、細菌無」的條件，故答案為D。","核心對比：原核細胞無任何膜性胞器(無核膜、無粒線體、無溶酶體、無內質網)，真核細胞才有。核糖體雖兩者皆具，但大小不同——細菌70S(30S+50S)、真核80S(40S+60S)，此差異正是抗生素選擇性作用位點。質體是細菌抗藥基因水平傳遞的載體，記憶時可把「膜性胞器」四字當作真核專屬的判別鑰匙。",[25,28,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"膜性胞器",2,{"term":29,"count":11},"原核與真核細胞",{"term":31,"count":11},"溶酶體",{"term":33,"count":11},"核糖體70S\u002F80S",{"term":35,"count":11},"質體",[37,41,45,49,54,59],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-066","惡性貧血的病因是因為體內產生對抗下列何者的自體抗體？",66,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":27,"year":44,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-002","低血鈣主要會刺激那一個內分泌腺體的激素分泌，以增加血鈣濃度？",111,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":27},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-016","河豚毒素（tetrodotoxin）對神經細胞最主要的影響為何？",16,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-014","右心室的腱索（chordae tendineae）固著在下列何處？",14,113,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":27},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-018","下列那一段腎小管（renal tubule）對水的通透度最低？",18,114,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-012","舌頭表面的那一種乳頭分布廣泛，且具有味蕾？",12,106,"2026-09-04",1788510719703]