[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-060":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-110-1-基礎醫學-060","nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-060",110,1,60,"下列何種藥物是經由抑制多巴胺受體（dopamine receptor）而產生止吐作用，可用以治療化療藥物所造成之噁心嘔吐？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"Aprepitant","Dexamethasone","Ondansetron","Prochlorperazine","D",null,[],"本題考點是化療引起噁心嘔吐的止吐藥機轉分類。依藥理學,Prochlorperazine 屬吩噻嗪類抗精神病藥,經阻斷延腦化學受體觸發區的多巴胺 D2 受體而止吐,可用於化療引起的噁心嘔吐,故選 D。考點在於區分各類止吐藥機轉:A Aprepitant 阻斷神經激肽 NK1 受體;B Dexamethasone 為皮質類固醇,機轉與抗發炎相關;C Ondansetron 阻斷血清素 5-HT3 受體,三者雖皆可用於化療止吐,但機轉皆非多巴胺受體阻斷,唯 Prochlorperazine 符合題意。","化療止吐可依標的受體記憶:5-HT3 拮抗劑(-setron 結尾)、NK1 拮抗劑(aprepitant)、多巴胺 D2 拮抗劑(metoclopramide、prochlorperazine)、皮質類固醇(dexamethasone)。高致吐性化療常合併三線並用。多巴胺拮抗劑的共通副作用是錐體外症候群(如肌張力不全),因阻斷 D2 之故,是與 5-HT3 拮抗劑最大的安全性差異。",[25,28,29,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"化學受體觸發區",2,{"term":18,"count":11},{"term":30,"count":11},"多巴胺 D2 受體",{"term":32,"count":11},"止吐藥",{"term":34,"count":11},"錐體外症候群",[36,40,44,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-061","關於 corticosteroid 的臨床用途，下列何者錯誤？",61,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":10,"session":27},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-077","肝炎病毒感染後，下列何者只會造成急性肝炎，並不會導致長期慢性感染的發生？",77,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":27},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-011","有關無氧快肌與有氧慢肌的比較，下列何者正確？",11,111,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-009","正常吸氣的過程中，不會出現下列何種情況？",9,113,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":27},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-013","下列何者不是下運動神經元（lower motor neuron）損傷的表徵？",13,114,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-007","下列何者走在心臟左邊的冠狀溝（coronary sulcus）中？",7,106,"2026-09-04",1788510719650]