[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-055":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-110-1-基礎醫學-055","nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-055",110,1,55,"下列何者不是 physostigmine 的作用？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"膀胱逼尿肌收縮","瞳孔放大","血壓下降","心跳減速","B",null,[],"本題考點是 physostigmine 的膽鹼激性作用譜。依藥理學,physostigmine 是可逆性膽鹼酯酶抑制劑,使乙醯膽鹼堆積而增強副交感效應,對眼睛的作用是瞳孔「縮小」而非放大,故問「不是其作用」者選 B。考點在於認得副交感興奮的全身表現:A 正確,它促使膀胱逼尿肌收縮利於排尿;C 正確,血管舒張與心跳下降使血壓降低;D 正確,活化迷走神經使心跳減速,三者皆為膽鹼激性效果,唯瞳孔放大是交感或抗膽鹼藥的作用,與 physostigmine 相反。","physostigmine 為三級胺,可穿越血腦障壁,故能逆轉抗膽鹼藥(如 atropine)中毒的中樞與周邊症狀,是其臨床特色。副交感興奮症狀可用 SLUDGE(流涎、流淚、排尿、排便、腸胃不適、催吐)或 DUMBELS 口訣記憶,並記得眼睛是「縮瞳」。對照 atropine 則造成散瞳、口乾、心搏過速,兩者作用恰好相反。",[25,28,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"膽鹼酯酶抑制劑",3,{"term":29,"count":27},"atropine",{"term":31,"count":11},"physostigmine",{"term":33,"count":11},"瞳孔縮小",{"term":35,"count":11},"副交感神經興奮",[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-056","下列何者不是 phenytoin 的副作用？",56,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":10,"session":45},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-072","關於厭氧菌的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",72,2,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":45},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-006","手術時不小心移除下列何者，最可能直接造成血鈣濃度下降？",6,111,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-004","帕金森氏症（Parkinson's disease）的顫抖症狀肇因為何？",4,113,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":45},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-008","下列何者是牙齒的主體結構？",8,114,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":45,"year":64,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-002","下列何者在組織學特徵上可區分為絲球帶（zona glomerulosa）、束狀帶（zona fasciculata）、網狀帶（zona reticularis）？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510719607]