[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-054":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":26},"nurse-110-1-基礎醫學-054","nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-054",110,1,54,"腎臟功能不良的高齡病人，若以 vancomycin 治療其嚴重感染症，要特別注意下列何種副作用？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"耳毒性","癲癇","腹瀉","白內障","A",null,[],"本題考點是 vancomycin 在腎功能不良高齡病人的重點副作用。依藥理學,vancomycin 主要經腎臟排除,腎功能差時藥物蓄積,血中濃度過高會傷及第八對腦神經而產生耳毒性(聽力損失、耳鳴),故須特別注意的是 A 耳毒性。考點在於掌握其毒性譜:B 癲癇非其典型副作用;C 腹瀉較屬廣效抗生素引起的困難梭狀桿菌腸炎,非 vancomycin 血中濃度過高的核心風險;D 白內障與此藥無關聯,三者皆非重點,唯耳毒性(常與腎毒性並列)是腎功能不良者最須警覺的。","vancomycin 屬濃度依賴又需監測的窄治療區間藥,腎功能差者半衰期延長,故需依腎功能調整劑量並監測血中谷濃度(trough)以兼顧療效與避免耳、腎毒性。快速靜脈注射另可致組織胺釋放的「紅人症候群」,放慢滴速即可預防。記憶法:vancomycin 兩大慢性毒性 = 耳 + 腎,老年與腎損者風險最高。",[25,27,29,31,33],{"term":15,"count":26},3,{"term":28,"count":11},"vancomycin",{"term":30,"count":11},"腎臟排除",{"term":32,"count":11},"血中濃度監測",{"term":34,"count":11},"紅人症候群",[36,40,45,50,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-055","下列何者不是 physostigmine 的作用？",55,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":10,"session":44},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-071","後天性免疫缺乏症候群（acquired immune deficiency syndrome, AIDS）是因為感染人類免疫缺乏病毒（HIV），造成何種細胞減少？",71,2,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":44},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-005","下列何者傳送頸動脈竇受器所感受血壓改變的訊息？",5,111,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":26,"year":53,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-003","下列何者為控制反射動作的反射弧（reflex arc）之最終端構造？",113,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":44},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-007","有關左、右腎臟的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",7,114,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":11,"year":62,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-001","下列有關表皮的敘述，何者正確？",106,"2026-09-04",1788510719601]