[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-053":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-110-1-基礎醫學-053","nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-053",110,1,53,"有關可待因（codeine）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"具成癮性","具止咳作用","止咳劑量低於止痛劑量","容易出現腹瀉之副作用","D",null,[],"本題考點是可待因作為鴉片類藥物的作用與副作用。依鴉片類藥理,可待因活化腸道鴉片受體會抑制腸蠕動,典型副作用是便秘而非腹瀉,故問「錯誤」者選 D。考點在於掌握可待因的三項正確特性:A 正確,它屬鴉片類具成癮性;B 正確,可待因作用於延腦咳嗽中樞而有鎮咳效果;C 正確,其止咳所需劑量低於止痛劑量,故低劑量即可鎮咳;唯 D 把鴉片類一貫的便秘副作用誤寫成腹瀉,故為錯誤敘述。","可待因需經肝臟 CYP2D6 代謝為嗎啡才發揮鎮痛,故 CYP2D6 超快代謝者易嗎啡過量、慢代謝者則止痛不足,是藥物基因學經典例。鴉片類共通副作用可用口訣記:便秘、噁心嘔吐、呼吸抑制、瞳孔縮小、鎮靜、成癮;其中便秘不會隨時間耐受,故最持久。看到鴉片類選「腹瀉」幾乎都是陷阱。",[25,27,29,31,33],{"term":26,"count":11},"可待因",{"term":28,"count":11},"鴉片類藥物",{"term":30,"count":11},"便秘",{"term":32,"count":11},"鎮咳作用",{"term":34,"count":11},"CYP2D6",[36,40,45,50,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-054","腎臟功能不良的高齡病人，若以 vancomycin 治療其嚴重感染症，要特別注意下列何種副作用？",54,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":10,"session":44},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-070","下列何種細胞源於卵黃囊，發育後長期駐守在組織中，負責組織維護與修復的功能？",70,2,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":44},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-004","下列那一構造，不是完全由腹膜反摺構成的？",4,111,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":44,"year":53,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-002","單一肌節（sarcomere）的範圍，下列定義何者最正確？",113,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":44},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-006","下列何者與男性陰莖的龜頭，都是由尿道海綿體（corpus spongiosum）構成？",6,114,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":44},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-050","細胞被病毒感染後，病毒複製但細胞未死亡，產生永生化（immortalization）的結果形成腫瘤細胞，最可能發生在下列何種病毒的感染？",50,115,"2026-09-04",1788510719598]