[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-052":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-110-1-基礎醫學-052","nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-052",110,1,52,"高血壓用藥 furosemide 在分類上屬於下列何者？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"保鉀利尿劑","滲透性利尿劑","亨利氏環利尿劑","碳酸酐酶抑制劑","C",null,[],"本題考點是 furosemide 的利尿劑分類。依藥理作用部位,furosemide 作用於腎小管亨利氏環上升枝,抑制 Na⁺-K⁺-2Cl⁻ 共同轉運體,屬亨利氏環利尿劑,利尿效力最強,故選 C。考點在於依作用位置歸類:A 保鉀利尿劑(如 spironolactone)作用於遠端集尿管,拮抗醛固酮或阻鈉通道;B 滲透性利尿劑(如 mannitol)靠提高小管內滲透壓帶出水分;D 碳酸酐酶抑制劑作用於近端小管,三者作用部位與機轉皆與 furosemide 不同。","亨利氏環利尿劑因阻斷 Na⁺-K⁺-2Cl⁻ 幫浦,連帶破壞髓質高滲透濃度梯度,故利尿最猛,常用於肺水腫與嚴重水腫。副作用要背:低血鉀、低血鈉、低血鎂、低血鈣、代謝性鹼中毒與耳毒性(高劑量快速靜脈注射時尤甚)。對比 thiazide 作用於遠曲小管、利尿較溫和且反使血鈣上升,是常考的機轉對照。",[25,28,31,32,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"耳毒性",3,{"term":29,"count":30},"furosemide",2,{"term":17,"count":30},{"term":33,"count":30},"低血鉀",{"term":35,"count":11},"Na-K-2Cl 共同轉運體",[37,41,45,49,53,58],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-053","有關可待因（codeine）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",53,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":10,"session":30},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-069","主要抑制麥角固醇（ergosterol）合成有關之抗真菌藥物為何？",69,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":27,"year":48,"session":30},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-003","胸大肌收縮可使上臂：",111,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":11,"year":52,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-001","下列胞器，何者是由兩層膜組成？",113,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":30},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-005","巨噬細胞是由下列何者分化而成？",5,114,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":30},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-049","下列那一肝炎病毒其遺傳物質為 RNA 且臺灣具有市售疫苗可以預防感染？",49,115,"2026-09-04",1788510719591]