[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-041":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":26},"nurse-110-1-基礎醫學-041","nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-041",110,1,41,"下列細胞形態或胞器的改變，何者是屬於細胞可逆性的損傷？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"脂肪變性","溶酶體破裂","細胞核溶解","細胞核破裂","A",null,[],"本題考點是可逆性與不可逆性細胞損傷的分界。依細胞損傷的病理原則,脂肪變性(如肝細胞內三酸甘油酯堆積)在去除傷害因子後細胞仍可恢復,屬可逆性損傷,故選 A。考點在於認得不可逆的關鍵指標:B 溶酶體破裂會釋出水解酶自我消化,是走向壞死的表現;C 細胞核溶解與 D 細胞核破裂皆屬細胞核死亡的形態變化,連同核濃縮一起代表不可逆的細胞死亡,三者都跨過了損傷不可回復的門檻,故唯有脂肪變性可逆。","可逆性損傷的形態學以「細胞水腫、脂肪變性」為代表,源自 ATP 減少造成鈉幫浦失能與水分內流;一旦進展到粒線體嚴重受損、鈣大量內流、溶酶體酶釋放,便進入不可逆階段。細胞核死亡三部曲要背熟:核濃縮(pyknosis)→核碎裂(karyorrhexis)→核溶解(karyolysis),看到這三個字就代表壞死已成定局。",[25,27,29,30,32],{"term":15,"count":26},2,{"term":28,"count":11},"可逆性細胞損傷",{"term":16,"count":11},{"term":31,"count":11},"核溶解",{"term":33,"count":11},"細胞壞死",[35,39,43,48,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-042","下列有關栓塞（embolism）的敘述，何者最不適當？",42,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":26},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-058","Propranolol 治療甲狀腺亢奮引起之震顫及心悸，但病人有下列何種疾病時，不宜使用？",58,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-072","關於肉毒桿菌（Clostridium botulinum ）引發食物中毒的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",72,111,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":53},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-040","長期使用免疫抑制劑 Cyclosporine 治療自體免疫疾病，可能引發下列何種副作用？",40,112,3,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-044","下列何者屬於減毒之活病毒疫苗？",44,114,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":26},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-038","下列何者無法用於治療發炎性腸道疾病（inflammatory bowel disease）？",38,115,"2026-09-04",1788510719494]