[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-033":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-110-1-基礎醫學-033","nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-033",110,1,33,"40 歲女性出現手指僵硬，吞嚥困難及非發炎性真皮明顯纖維化。此人最可能罹患下列何種疾病？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"皮肌炎（dermatomyositis）","全身性硬皮病（systemic scleroderma）","修格連氏症候群（Sjögren syndrome）","僵直性脊椎炎（ankylosing spondilitis）","B",null,[],"本題考點是全身性硬皮病的三大典型表現組合。依全身性硬皮病的病理特徵,膠原大量沉積造成「非發炎性」真皮纖維化,手指皮膚變緊硬而僵直(sclerodactyly),食道平滑肌纖維化則導致吞嚥困難,三者一次到齊直指全身性硬皮病,故選 B。考點在於分辨結締組織疾病的主軸差異:A 皮肌炎以近端肌肉發炎無力與眼周紫紅疹為主,屬發炎性而非本題強調的非發炎纖維化;C 修格連氏症候群侵犯外分泌腺,表現為口乾、眼乾,而非皮膚硬化;D 僵直性脊椎炎屬中軸關節與薦腸關節病變,與真皮纖維化無關。","硬皮病可用 CREST 症候群記憶:鈣化(Calcinosis)、雷諾現象(Raynaud)、食道功能障礙(Esophageal)、指硬化(Sclerodactyly)、微血管擴張(Telangiectasia),對應局限型且抗 centromere 抗體陽性;瀰漫型則抗 Scl-70(anti-topoisomerase I)陽性且易侵犯腎與肺。關鍵對比:硬皮病是纖維母細胞過度活化的「纖維化」病,皮肌炎是自體免疫的「發炎」病,一硬一炎是最快的鑑別切入點。",[25,27,29,31,33],{"term":26,"count":11},"全身性硬皮病",{"term":28,"count":11},"真皮纖維化",{"term":30,"count":11},"sclerodactyly",{"term":32,"count":11},"CREST 症候群",{"term":34,"count":11},"食道平滑肌纖維化",[36,40,45,50,56,61],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-034","下列何種感染最容易發生在燒燙傷的病人？",34,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":10,"session":44},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-050","Cabamazepine 主要作用於下列何種離子通道（ion channel），而用於 partial seizure 之治療？",50,2,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-064","當前往瘧疾疫區旅行，得知該區疫情已經對 chloroquine 產生抗藥性時，下列何者為最佳預防用藥？",64,111,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":55},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-032","治療慢性阻塞性肺病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease）的藥物中，下列何者具有抗發炎的作用？",32,112,3,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":11},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-036","Abciximab治療不穩定型心絞痛（unstable angina）的藥理機制為何？",36,114,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":44},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-030","有關發生在骨頭之轉移性腫瘤（metastatic tumors），下列敘述何者錯誤？",30,115,"2026-09-04",1788510719410]