[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-030":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-110-1-基礎醫學-030","nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-030",110,1,30,"在腎臟的近曲小管中，鈉離子主要與下列何種物質共同運輸進入上皮細胞？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"氫離子","鈣離子","葡萄糖","碳酸氫根離子","C",null,[],"本題考點在於腎臟近曲小管鈉離子的再吸收機制。近曲小管上皮頂端膜藉鈉-葡萄糖共同運輸體(SGLT)進行次級主動運輸,利用鈉離子順濃度梯度內流的能量,把葡萄糖一併帶入細胞,故鈉主要與葡萄糖共同運輸,選C。氫離子(A)是經Na⁺\u002FH⁺逆向交換排出、與鈉呈「反向」而非共同運輸。鈣離子(B)主要在其他機制與部位再吸收,非近曲小管與鈉共運的主角。碳酸氫根離子(D)的回收依賴H⁺分泌與碳酸酐酶,並非與鈉直接同向共運。","SGLT運輸體提供的鈉電化學梯度,由基底側膜的Na⁺\u002FK⁺-ATP酶持續泵鈉出細胞來維持,是次級主動運輸的動力來源。此機制使近曲小管幾乎全數回收濾液中的葡萄糖;當血糖超過腎閾值、SGLT飽和,葡萄糖即漏入尿中(糖尿),SGLT2抑制劑類降糖藥正作用於此。",[25,28,30,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"次級主動運輸",4,{"term":29,"count":27},"鈉鉀幫浦",{"term":31,"count":32},"近曲小管",2,{"term":34,"count":11},"鈉葡萄糖共同運輸",[36,40,44,49,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-031","腎臟對水的再吸收與下列何種離子最為相關？",31,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":10,"session":32},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-047","關於腎臟囊腫疾病（cystic disease of the kidney），下列何者錯誤？",47,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-061","下列何種藥物是屬於擬抗膽鹼素性拮抗劑（cholinergic antagonists），當氣喘病人無法忍受擬腎上腺素性作用劑（β 2 adrenergic agonists）的作用時，可作為替代品治療氣喘？",61,111,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":54},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-029","下列何者是最常見的口腔癌？",29,112,3,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":11},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-033","使用局部麻醉劑時常與腎上腺素合用，其目的為何？",33,114,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":32},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-027","關於食道靜脈曲張的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",27,115,"2026-09-04",1788510719393]