[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-023":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-110-1-基礎醫學-023","nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-023",110,1,23,"死亡後開始出現肌肉僵硬的現象，主要是由下列那一個原因造成？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"乳酸的堆積","缺少鈣離子","肝醣耗盡","缺乏 ATP","D",null,[],"本題考點在於死後僵直(rigor mortis)的生理機轉。肌肉收縮後,肌凝蛋白頭需結合ATP才能與肌動蛋白解離;死亡後ATP停止生成並耗竭,橫橋無法脫離,肌絲被鎖在結合狀態而持續僵硬,故主因為缺乏ATP,選D。乳酸堆積(A)會使肌肉酸化疲勞,但非僵直的直接原因。缺少鈣離子(B)反而應使肌肉鬆弛,死後鈣其實由肌漿網外漏而增加,方向相反。肝醣耗盡(C)是ATP無法再生的背景因素,但直接卡住橫橋的仍是ATP不足本身。","橫橋循環中ATP有雙重角色:提供收縮動力,並在結合後促使肌凝蛋白與肌動蛋白解離。死後鈣離子由肌漿網滲出使橫橋持續形成,又無ATP解鎖,遂僵直;數小時後肌蛋白自我分解(autolysis),僵直再緩解。可與「活體肌肉靠ATP放鬆」對照理解。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":26,"count":11},"死後僵直",{"term":28,"count":11},"ATP與橫橋解離",{"term":30,"count":11},"肌凝蛋白肌動蛋白",{"term":32,"count":11},"自體分解",[34,38,43,48,54,59],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-024","關於視覺路徑，物體影像經水晶體投射至視網膜時，其影像與原物體方位相比較，下列敘述何者正確？",24,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":42},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-040","梅克爾氏憩室（Meckel diverticulum）最常見的異位組織，下列何者正確？",40,2,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-054","藥物在肝臟代謝的第一期（phase I）反應，不包括下列何者？",54,111,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":53},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-022","下列何者不是下肢深部靜脈血栓（deep venous thrombosis）常引起的臨床表現？",22,112,3,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-026","下列何者是何杰金氏淋巴瘤（Hodgkin lymphoma）的腫瘤細胞？",26,114,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":42},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-020","下列那個腦區主要負責接收迷走神經傳入訊號，並調控嘔吐反應？",20,115,"2026-09-04",1788510719311]