[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-022":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-110-1-基礎醫學-022","nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-022",110,1,22,"有關靜止膜電位（resting membrane potential）之敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"細胞外鉀離子濃度增加，靜止膜電位減小","細胞外鉀離子濃度減少，靜止膜電位減小","細胞內鉀離子濃度增加，靜止膜電位減小","細胞內鉀離子濃度增加，靜止膜電位不變","A",null,[],"本題考點在於細胞外鉀離子濃度對靜止膜電位的影響。靜止膜電位主要由鉀離子的平衡電位決定,依Nernst方程式,細胞外鉀濃度增加會縮小膜內外鉀的濃度梯度,使膜電位去極化、負值變小(絕對值減小),故A正確。B說細胞外鉀減少使膜電位減小,方向相反(此時應更負、變大),錯誤。C說細胞內鉀增加使膜電位減小,實則濃度梯度加大、更負,錯誤。D說細胞內鉀增加而膜電位不變,忽略了梯度改變,亦錯。","E_K=−61×log([K⁺]in\u002F[K⁺]out),靜止膜電位貼近E_K因靜止時膜對鉀通透性最高。高血鉀使靜止電位上移接近閾值,先短暫易興奮、繼而鈉通道去活化而致心肌傳導受抑、心律不整,正是臨床高血鉀危險的生理基礎,值得連結記憶。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"靜止膜電位",3,{"term":29,"count":30},"鉀平衡電位",2,{"term":32,"count":11},"Nernst方程式",{"term":34,"count":11},"高血鉀去極化",[36,40,44,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-023","死亡後開始出現肌肉僵硬的現象，主要是由下列那一個原因造成？",23,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":10,"session":30},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-039","胎兒紅血球母細胞症（erythroblastosis fetalis）的主要病因為何？",39,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-053","下列抗生素中，何者不會作用在細菌的核糖體上？",53,111,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":27},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-021","下列何者，最容易出現細胞中脂褐質（lipofuscin）的沉積？",21,112,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-025","下列何種血管炎會造成主動脈（aorta）及其主要分支的發炎狹窄，可能導致上肢摸不到脈搏，因而又稱為無脈症（pulseless disease）？",25,114,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":30},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-019","肺內的氧濃度小於 70 mmHg，對肺內血流的影響為何？",19,115,"2026-09-04",1788510719298]