[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-044":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-109-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-044","nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-044",109,2,44,"欲得知 18～65 歲民眾發生慢性腎臟病的危險因子，下列何種研究方法短時間內可得到結果？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"生態研究法（ecological study）","橫斷研究法（cross-sectional study）","世代研究法（cohort study）","病例對照法（case-control study）","D",null,[],"本題考點在依研究目的與時效選擇流行病學研究設計。欲在短時間內探討慢性腎臟病的危險因子，病例對照法（case-control study）由已確診的病例與對照回溯比較過去暴露，能較快取得危險因子線索，尤其適合探討病因，故選 D。A 生態研究以群體為單位分析相關，易有生態謬誤且無法確認個人層次的危險因子。B 橫斷研究同一時間點測量暴露與疾病，適合估盛行率，但暴露與疾病同時測量難以釐清時序與因果。C 世代研究雖能確立時序與相對危險性，但須長期追蹤、耗時費力，不符「短時間」要求。故以時效與探討危險因子兼顧而言，病例對照法最適當。","研究設計可用方向記憶：世代研究由因（暴露）往果（疾病）前瞻追蹤、病例對照由果往因回溯，後者省時且適合罕見疾病與病因探索，並以勝算比（odds ratio）估計關聯。橫斷研究測盛行率但因果力弱。可連結相對危險性、勝算比與偏差（回憶偏差、選樣偏差）延伸複習。",[24,27,30,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"病例對照研究",8,{"term":28,"count":29},"勝算比",3,{"term":31,"count":32},"危險因子探討",1,{"term":34,"count":32},"研究設計時效",[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-045","關於登革熱之描述，下列何者錯誤？",45,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":32},"nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-061","若紫外線指數為 7，且空氣品質指標（AQI）為 130，下列何者正確？",61,110,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-075","依據長期照顧十年計畫 2.0 失智照護政策之介紹，下列何者錯誤？",75,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":32},"nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-033","有關災難照護中資源保護理論，下列敘述何者最適宜？",33,112,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":32},"nurse-113-1-psychiatric-community-027","衛生福利部國民健康署成立青少年好漾館與WHO之SDGs中，那一個議題最為相關？",27,113,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":10},"nurse-114-2-psychiatric-community-021","有關協助精神病人復元的概念敘述，下列何者錯誤？",21,114,"2026-09-04",1788510718230]