[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":68},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-079":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":37,"lastmod":67},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-109-2-內外科護理學-079","nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-079",109,2,79,"有關有機磷農藥之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"進入病人體內的途徑包括吸入、攝食及皮膚吸收","會與體內之乙醯膽鹼酶（AChE）結合，最終導致神經麻痺","目前尚無拮抗劑可使用","進入病人體內會造成呼吸抑制及呼吸道分泌物增加","C",null,[],"本題考點是有機磷農藥中毒的機轉與解毒，題目要選「錯誤」敘述。有機磷中毒臨床上確有拮抗劑，包括阿托品（atropine）拮抗蕈毒鹼作用，以及解磷定（pralidoxime，PAM）重新活化被抑制的乙醯膽鹼酶，故選項C「尚無拮抗劑可使用」錯誤，為正解。選項A有機磷可經吸入、攝食及皮膚吸收進入人體，正確；選項B有機磷與乙醯膽鹼酶結合使酶失活、乙醯膽鹼堆積終致神經肌肉麻痺，正確；選項D過度膽鹼刺激造成呼吸抑制與呼吸道分泌物增加，正確。","有機磷中毒核心是『乙醯膽鹼酶被抑制→乙醯膽鹼堆積→膽鹼激性過度刺激』。症狀以蕈毒鹼(muscarinic)與菸鹼(nicotinic)兩系統記憶：蕈毒鹼過度用SLUDGE或DUMBELS口訣—流涎、流淚、排尿、腹瀉、腸蠕動、嘔吐、瞳孔縮小、支氣管分泌與痙攣；菸鹼則肌肉顫動、無力至麻痺。解毒雙管齊下：阿托品對抗蕈毒鹼症狀（乾燥分泌、加快心跳），PAM在酶『老化』前重活化乙醯膽鹼酶，故愈早給愈有效。照護重點包括除污脫除污染衣物、維持呼吸道通暢與分泌物抽吸。",[24,27,30,33,35],{"term":25,"count":26},"有機磷中毒",6,{"term":28,"count":29},"膽鹼激性危象",4,{"term":31,"count":32},"乙醯膽鹼酶",1,{"term":34,"count":32},"阿托品",{"term":36,"count":32},"解磷定",[38,42,47,52,57,62],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-080","有關手部衛生之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",80,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-016","李先生因胃癌接受全胃切除術，術後開始進食稀飯，約 30 分鐘後出現腹脹、噁心嘔吐、心悸、頭暈等現象，下列何者為其最可能造成的原因？",16,110,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":32},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-030","有關心因性休克之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",30,111,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":32},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-068","一位 18 歲女性主訴最近發現全身皮膚起紅疹、口腔潰瘍、關節疼痛、偶有頭痛，另血紅素及血小板降低、抗核抗體升高，下列何者為其最可能之診斷？",68,112,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-012","有關腔隙症候群的症狀，下列敘述何者錯誤？①失去尖鈍或兩點辨識力 ②患肢末梢脈搏減弱 ③微血管充填時間大於 3 秒 ④皮膚上出現出血斑點",12,113,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":26,"year":65,"session":66},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-006","有關小腸阻塞的臨床表徵與評估，下列敘述何者最適當？①劍突下可見強蠕動波 ②嘔吐物含糞便臭味 ③鈉、鉀、氯值降低 ④阻塞早期腸蠕動音消失",114,3,"2026-09-04",1788510717036]