[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-078":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-109-2-內外科護理學-078","nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-078",109,2,78,"下列何種情況之病人不適合接受低張靜脈溶液輸注？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"尿崩症","顱內創傷造成顱內壓上升","高血糖高滲透壓非酮酸性昏迷","輸液治療造成之細胞內脫水","B",null,[],"本題考點是低張性靜脈輸注液的禁忌情境。低張溶液滲透壓低於血漿，會使水分由血管移入細胞內，若用於顱內創傷導致顱內壓上升的病人，將加重腦細胞水腫、進一步升高顱內壓，故選項B不適合輸注，為正解。選項A尿崩症因大量排出稀釋尿而細胞內脫水，適合補低張液；選項C高血糖高滲透壓非酮酸昏迷血漿滲透壓極高，需低張液矯正；選項D點滴治療造成的細胞內脫水，也適用低張液把水分帶回細胞。故不適合者為B。","以滲透壓方向理解靜脈點滴溶液的選擇：低張液（如0.45% NaCl）滲透壓低，水往細胞內移動，適用『細胞內脫水、高滲透壓』狀態；等張液（0.9% NaCl、乳酸林格液）留在血管內擴容，用於出血、休克復甦；高張液（3% NaCl）把水拉出細胞，用於嚴重低血鈉或降腦壓。顱內壓上升者最忌低張液，因腦組織一旦吸水膨脹會惡化腦疝風險，臨床反而用高張鹽水或mannitol脫水降壓。口訣：『腦壓高怕低張、要脫水給高張』。判讀時先問這溶液會把水送進還是拉出細胞，再對應病人是水太多還是太少。",[24,27,29,32,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"腦水腫",3,{"term":28,"count":10},"顱內壓上升",{"term":30,"count":31},"低張性溶液",1,{"term":33,"count":31},"滲透壓",{"term":35,"count":31},"靜脈點滴溶液選擇",[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-079","有關有機磷農藥之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",79,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-015","接受全靜脈營養輸注的病人，突然停止輸注後容易產生的併發症狀，下列何者正確？",15,110,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":31},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-029","有關裝置心臟節律器之護理指導，下列何者錯誤？",29,111,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":31},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-067","有關造成糖尿病病人血糖過低之促因，下列何者正確？",67,112,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-011","有關骨髓炎之護理指導，下列敘述何者錯誤？",11,113,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":26},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-005","有關單純頭部損傷病人，其顱內壓升高非代償期初期階段的徵象，下列敘述何者正確？",5,114,"2026-09-04",1788510717025]