[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-063":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-109-2-內外科護理學-063","nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-063",109,2,63,"有關腎病症候群病人之診斷性檢查之典型發現，下列何者正確？①血尿 ②菌尿 ③蛋白尿 ④血清白蛋白濃度下降 ⑤血糖上升 ⑥血清膽固醇上升 ⑦血清三酸甘油酯上升 ⑧血清鈣上升",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"①②④⑧","①⑤⑥⑧","②③⑤⑦","③④⑥⑦","D",null,[],"本題考點是腎病症候群的四大典型表現。腎病症候群因腎絲球基底膜通透性大增、負電荷屏障受損，大量白蛋白漏至尿中，故出現③大量蛋白尿與④血清白蛋白濃度下降；血漿膠體滲透壓下降會刺激肝臟代償性合成脂蛋白，導致⑥血清膽固醇與⑦三酸甘油酯上升，四者組合正是選項D。①血尿與②菌尿屬腎炎症候群或泌尿道感染表現，非腎病症候群特徵；⑤血糖上升見於糖尿病；⑧血清鈣不升反降，因與白蛋白結合的鈣隨蛋白流失而減少。故正解為D。","記憶口訣抓四聯徵：大量蛋白尿、低白蛋白血症、凹陷性水腫、高血脂。核心機轉是基底膜屏障喪失，白蛋白（分子量約6.6萬）漏出；血中白蛋白低於3 g\u002FdL時膠體滲透壓下降，一方面體液滲入組織形成水腫，一方面刺激肝臟增加脂蛋白合成而血脂飆高。可與腎炎症候群對比記：後者以血尿、高血壓、紅血球柱狀體、輕中度蛋白尿為主。延伸併發症包括抗凝蛋白隨尿流失造成高凝狀態易栓塞、免疫球蛋白流失易感染、以及維生素D結合蛋白流失導致低血鈣。",[24,27,29,31,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"腎病症候群",7,{"term":28,"count":10},"低白蛋白血症",{"term":30,"count":10},"高血脂症",{"term":32,"count":33},"腎絲球基底膜通透性",1,{"term":35,"count":33},"膠體滲透壓",[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-064","關於膀胱癌接受膀胱切除及輸尿管造瘻術術後病人之護理措施，下列何者不適當？",64,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":33},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-080","下列何者不屬於傳染病的護理評估項目？",80,110,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":33},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-014","有關口腔炎的分類及臨床表徵，下列何者正確？",14,111,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":33},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-052","有關慢性咳嗽病人進行支氣管鏡檢查後，下列護理措施何者最適宜？",52,112,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":33},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-046","有關甲狀腺機能亢進病人服用飽和碘化鉀溶液之敘述，下列何者正確？",46,113,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":10},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-040","有關泌尿道感染及衛教之敘述，下列何者最適當？",40,114,"2026-09-04",1788510716870]