[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-034":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-109-2-內外科護理學-034","nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-034",109,2,34,"心衰竭病人之心電圖持續出現明顯 U 波，在給予藥物時，應注意下列何種藥物可能有中毒的危險？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"利尿劑","軟便劑","血管擴張劑","毛地黃製劑","D",null,[],"本題考點是心電圖U波與毛地黃（digoxin）中毒的關聯。考點在於辨識明顯U波是低血鉀（hypokalemia）的典型表現，而低血鉀會顯著增強毛地黃對心肌的毒性，因細胞外鉀降低時毛地黃結合位增加、易誘發心律不整，故心衰竭病人出現明顯U波時，毛地黃製劑最有中毒之虞，選D。A利尿劑雖是造成低血鉀的常見原因，但題目問的是「哪種藥有中毒危險」，利尿劑本身不因低血鉀而中毒。B軟便劑與心臟電生理無關。C血管擴張劑作用於血管平滑肌，藥效不受血鉀高低左右，不會因低血鉀而中毒。","機轉：毛地黃抑制Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase使細胞內鈉上升、間接經Na⁺-Ca²⁺交換增加細胞內鈣以增強收縮；鉀離子與毛地黃競爭同一結合位，故低血鉀時毛地黃「有效毒性」放大。臨床三聯：低血鉀＋毛地黃＋利尿劑最危險。中毒表現含噁心嘔吐、視覺黃綠暈、心律不整（PVC、房室阻斷）。記憶：「低鉀踩油門、毛地黃更毒」。U波在低血鉀、心搏過緩、低血鈣時明顯，治療毛地黃中毒須先矯正血鉀。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"U波與低血鉀",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"毛地黃(digoxin)中毒",{"term":30,"count":26},"Na+-K+-ATPase",{"term":32,"count":26},"鉀離子競爭結合位",[34,38,43,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-035","王先生入院接受心導管檢查，此次檢查穿刺左側橈動脈，下列護理處置何者錯誤？",35,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":26},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-051","有關全身性紅斑性狼瘡（SLE）的診斷檢查，下列何者錯誤？",51,110,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-065","有關急迫性尿失禁的護理措施，下列何者最不適當？",65,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":26},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-023","有關鼻部手術後的護理指導，下列何者最不適宜？",23,112,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":26},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-017","有關心肌梗塞後性生活的建議事項，下列敘述何者正確？①應該儘量避免以免再次發作 ②能量消耗大約與上下兩層樓相當 ③飽餐後或酒後比較適合性行為 ④性行為事後應預防性服用NTG ⑤應在熟悉的環境與伴侶進行以避免過度緊張與刺激 ⑥環境的室溫勿太冷或太熱",17,113,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-011","下列何者為骨質疏鬆的危險因子？①停經前之婦女 ②攝取大量咖啡茶飲 ③規律的運動 ④靜態生活或長期臥床 ⑤日曬時間不足",11,114,"2026-09-04",1788510716590]