[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-030":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":25},"nurse-109-2-內外科護理學-030","nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-030",109,2,30,"曾先生心臟衰竭住院，住院時出現臉色蒼白、冒冷汗、陣發性夜間呼吸困難及咳出大量帶有血絲的泡沫痰。請問曾先生出現那一種合併症？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"氣喘","肺結核","肺栓塞","肺水腫","D",null,[],"本題考點在於辨識心臟衰竭的急性合併症。病人出現臉色蒼白、冒冷汗、陣發性夜間呼吸困難及咳出大量帶血絲的泡沫痰，最符合肺水腫，故選 D。左心衰竭使左心房與肺靜脈壓力升高，液體滲入肺泡形成肺水腫，典型即為粉紅泡沫痰與端坐或夜間呼吸困難。A 氣喘以支氣管痙攣、喘鳴為主，痰非粉紅泡沫狀，且與心衰惡化的鬱血機轉不同。B 肺結核為慢性病程，以咳嗽、盜汗、體重減輕為主，非急性泡沫痰。C 肺栓塞以突發胸痛、呼吸急促與低血氧為主，典型痰為血痰而非大量泡沫痰。故合併症為肺水腫。","急性肺水腫是左心衰竭失代償的急症：左心無法有效排空，肺微血管靜水壓升高使液體滲漏入肺泡，出現粉紅色泡沫痰（血漿與少量紅血球混入氣泡）、端坐呼吸、陣發性夜間呼吸困難、雙肺囉音、血氧下降。緊急處置原則以降前負荷與改善氧合為方向（半坐臥、給氧、利尿劑、血管擴張劑）。與心因性氣喘（cardiac asthma）表現可重疊，但根本是心臟而非氣道問題。記憶：粉紅泡沫痰＋陣發性夜間呼吸困難＝左心衰竭肺水腫。",[24,26,29,31,34],{"term":17,"count":25},9,{"term":27,"count":28},"左心衰竭",6,{"term":30,"count":10},"肺微血管靜水壓",{"term":32,"count":33},"粉紅泡沫痰",1,{"term":35,"count":33},"陣發性夜間呼吸困難",[37,41,46,50,55,60],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-031","有關心絞痛之常用藥物 Nitroglycerine（NTG）之護理指導，下列何者錯誤？",31,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":33},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-047","有關乳癌的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",47,110,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":45,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-061","有關急性腎絲球腎炎的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",61,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":33},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-019","有關腕隧道症候群病人之身體檢查評估結果，下列何者正確？",19,112,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":33},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-013","有關下背痛病人使用骨盆牽引治療之敘述，下列何者正確？",13,113,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":10},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-007","有關食道癌之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",7,114,"2026-09-04",1788510716532]