[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-026":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-109-2-內外科護理學-026","nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-026",109,2,26,"僧帽瓣逆流或狹窄的病人，易出現下列何種症狀？①呼吸困難 ②下肢水腫 ③端坐呼吸 ④咳嗽 ⑤肝腫大",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"①②③","①③④","②③⑤","②④⑤","B",null,[],"本題考點在於僧帽瓣（二尖瓣）逆流或狹窄所致的症狀，屬組合選擇題。僧帽瓣病變使左心房壓力升高、血液鬱積於肺循環，造成肺充血相關症狀：呼吸困難（①）、端坐呼吸（③）與咳嗽（④），故選 B（①③④）。②下肢水腫與⑤肝腫大屬體循環鬱血、右心衰竭的表現，是僧帽瓣病變晚期進展至右心衰竭後才可能出現，並非其直接主要症狀。故最直接對應的組合為①③④，反映左心房後方的肺循環鬱血。","僧帽瓣位於左心房與左心室之間，狹窄或逆流使左心房壓力上升並逆傳至肺靜脈與肺微血管，先造成「左後方」的肺循環鬱血：運動性呼吸困難、端坐呼吸、陣發性夜間呼吸困難、咳嗽（可帶血絲）。病程進展致肺動脈高壓與右心衰竭後，才出現體循環鬱血的下肢水腫、肝腫大、頸靜脈怒張。記憶：左心衰＝肺充血（呼吸道症狀），右心衰＝體循環充血（水腫、肝大、頸靜脈怒張）。僧帽瓣狹窄常續發於風濕性心臟病。",[24,27,29,31,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"端坐呼吸",7,{"term":28,"count":10},"左心房壓力上升",{"term":30,"count":10},"肺循環鬱血",{"term":32,"count":33},"僧帽瓣病變",1,{"term":35,"count":33},"左心衰竭與右心衰竭",[37,41,46,50,55,60],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-027","心包填塞（cardiac tamponade）之臨床表徵，下列何者正確？①低沉的心音 ②中心靜脈壓上升 ③奇異脈 ④脈搏壓變寬",27,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":33},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-043","有關骨髓抑制病人之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",43,110,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":45,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-057","有關人體酸鹼平衡的敘述，下列何者正確？",57,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":33},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-015","有關口腔癌的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",15,112,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":33},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-009","有關膽道疾病的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",9,113,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":10},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-003","下列何者不是肝硬化病人發生肝性腦病變的主要誘發因子？",3,114,"2026-09-04",1788510716491]