[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-019":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":64},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-109-2-內外科護理學-019","nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-019",109,2,19,"下列何者為退化性關節炎的高危險群？①BMI 35 kg\u002Fm 2 ②長期服用腎上腺皮質類固醇 ③重複性右膝受傷史 ④停經後婦女",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"①②③","①②④","①③④","②③④","C",null,[],"本題考點在於退化性關節炎的高危險群，屬組合選擇題。BMI 35 屬肥胖（①），過重使承重關節長期負荷過大而加速軟骨磨損；重複性右膝受傷史（③）造成關節反覆創傷、破壞軟骨；停經後婦女（④）因雌激素減少與年齡因素使退化風險上升，三者皆為危險群，故選 C（①③④）。長期服用腎上腺皮質類固醇（②）主要導致骨質疏鬆與股骨頭缺血性壞死，並非退化性關節炎的典型成因，故凡含②的選項皆排除。因此正確組合為①③④。","退化性關節炎危險因子可分機械性與非機械性：機械性有肥胖（承重關節如膝、髖）、關節創傷或反覆使用、關節排列不良；非機械性有年齡、女性（尤停經後）、遺傳。機轉為關節軟骨磨損與修復失衡，非全身性發炎。長期類固醇的骨關節傷害是「缺血性壞死（avascular necrosis）」與骨質疏鬆，屬另一路徑，勿與退化性關節炎混淆。體重控制、適度運動強化肌力、避免關節過度負荷是預防重點。",[24,27,30,32,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"退化性關節炎",4,{"term":28,"count":29},"肥胖與承重關節",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"關節創傷史",{"term":33,"count":29},"停經後雌激素下降",{"term":35,"count":29},"類固醇缺血性壞死",[37,41,46,50,55,59],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-020","右側下肢無力需要使用手杖之病人，下列使用方法何者最正確？",20,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":29},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-036","下列何者不是紅血球過多症常見的併發症？",36,110,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":45,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-050","有關愛滋病的傳染途徑，下列何者錯誤？",50,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":29},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-008","有關中風病人臥床姿勢擺位之護理措施，下列何者錯誤？",8,112,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":10,"year":58,"session":29},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-002","下列何者不是腦幹中風的常見之表徵？",113,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":29},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-046","有關糖尿病足病人運動時鞋襪選擇之建議，下列何者錯誤？",46,114,"2026-09-04",1788510716430]