[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-010":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-109-2-內外科護理學-010","nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-010",109,2,10,"有關引起水瀉與血樣黏液糞便等特徵的腸道感染原，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"志賀氏桿菌（Shigella）","沙門氏桿菌（Salmonella）","輪狀病毒（Rotaviruses）","肉毒桿菌（Clostrium botulinum）","D",null,[],"本題考點在於各腸道感染原的致病特徵，屬「找錯誤」。志賀氏桿菌（A）與沙門氏桿菌（B）屬侵襲性細菌，可侵犯大腸黏膜引發發炎，造成含血樣黏液的糞便；輪狀病毒（C）破壞小腸絨毛、影響吸收，典型造成大量水瀉，皆與題幹描述相符。肉毒桿菌（D）產生的是神經毒素，臨床以肌肉無力、複視、吞嚥困難、下行性弛緩性麻痺為主，並不引起水瀉或血樣黏液糞便，故 D 敘述錯誤，為答案。因此不符合「水瀉與血樣黏液糞便」特徵者為肉毒桿菌。","把腸道病原依機轉分類即好記：侵襲性（Shigella、Salmonella、Campylobacter、EIEC）侵犯黏膜引發發炎與血便黏液；分泌性\u002F病毒性（Rotavirus、Norovirus、霍亂弧菌、ETEC）造成大量水瀉；毒素型神經性（Clostridium botulinum）產外毒素阻斷乙醯膽鹼釋放，導致弛緩性麻痺，屬食物中毒中的神經症狀而非腹瀉。肉毒桿菌毒素也用於治療與美容（阻斷神經肌肉接合處）。記憶：botulinum＝「肉毒＝麻痺」，與腹瀉無關。",[24,26,29,31,33],{"term":25,"count":10},"沙門氏桿菌",{"term":27,"count":28},"肉毒桿菌",1,{"term":30,"count":28},"志賀氏桿菌",{"term":32,"count":28},"輪狀病毒",{"term":34,"count":28},"腸道感染分類",[36,40,45,49,54,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-011","有關憩室炎常見的併發症，下列何者正確？①膿瘍 ②出血 ③胰臟炎 ④形成瘻管",11,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":28},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-027","有關高血壓病人的飲食原則，下列何者不適當？",27,110,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-041","有關頭頸部放射線治療的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",41,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-079","有關敗血症病人臨床徵象與症狀的敘述，下列何者正確？",79,111,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":59},"nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-043","有關庫欣氏症候群症狀的病理機轉，下列何者錯誤？",43,112,3,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":28},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-037","有關高血鉀導因之敘述，下列何者正確？①使用血管收縮素轉換酶抑制劑         ②使用醛固酮拮抗劑 ③使用噻嗪類利尿劑（thiazide diuretics）   ④代謝性鹼中毒",37,114,"2026-09-04",1788510716331]