[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-008":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-109-2-內外科護理學-008","nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-008",109,2,8,"陳先生早上騎機車出門上班時，於十字路口與計程車擦撞倒地，同時頭部撞到地面，當時意識清楚但有多處擦傷及撕裂傷，由救護車送至急診室，當醫師正在縫合傷口時，陳先生突然喪失意識，其最大可能為下列何種頭部創傷？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"硬膜上出血","蜘蛛膜下腔出血","硬膜下出血","顱內出血","A",null,[],"本題考點在於依清醒期（lucid interval）病程辨識頭部外傷的出血類型。病人撞擊後意識清楚，一段時間後突然喪失意識，最符合硬膜上出血，選 A。硬膜上出血多為中腦膜動脈破裂的動脈性出血，初期腦組織尚可代償故清醒，待血腫快速累積壓迫腦幹便急遽昏迷。B 蜘蛛膜下腔出血典型為突發劇烈頭痛與腦膜刺激徵象，較少清醒期模式。C 硬膜下出血為橋靜脈滲血、進展較慢，急性者昏迷多持續，不呈短暫清醒期。D 顱內出血泛指腦實質內出血，多伴局部神經缺損，不以清醒期為特徵。故最可能為硬膜上出血。","清醒期（lucid interval）是硬膜上出血的經典考點：動脈出血壓力高、累積快，先有短暫代償而清醒，隨後急速去代償昏迷，屬神經外科急症，需緊急開顱清除血腫。影像對比：硬膜上出血在 CT 呈「凸透鏡形（lenticular）」、不越過骨縫；硬膜下出血呈「新月形（crescent）」、可越過骨縫。中腦膜動脈常伴顳骨骨折受損。記憶要訣：清醒期＋凸透鏡＝動脈＝硬膜上；隱匿慢性＋新月形＝靜脈＝硬膜下。",[24,27,28,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"顱內壓",4,{"term":14,"count":10},{"term":29,"count":10},"清醒期",{"term":31,"count":10},"中腦膜動脈",{"term":33,"count":34},"凸透鏡形血腫",1,[36,40,45,49,54,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-009","有關闌尾炎身體評估檢查的結果，下列何者正確？①墨菲氏徵象（Murphy’s sign） ②麥氏點（McBurney’s point）壓痛 ③普氏徵象（Psoas sign） ④閉孔肌徵象（obturator sign）",9,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":34},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-025","有關急性中耳炎之敘述，下列何者正確？",25,110,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-039","有關化學治療特性的敘述，下列何者正確？",39,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-077","有關服用有機磷中毒的護理措施，下列何者錯誤？",77,111,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":59},"nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-041","腎衰竭病人的飲食護理指導，下列敘述何者正確？",41,112,3,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":34},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-035","下列何種給氧方式能提供最高的氧氣吸入濃度（FiO 2）？",35,114,"2026-09-04",1788510716312]