[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-109-2-fundamental-nursing-046":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基本護理學與護理行政","fundamental-nursing","基本護理學(包括護理原理、護理技術)與護理行政",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-109-2-基本護理學與護理行政-046","nurse-109-2-fundamental-nursing-046",109,2,46,"有關影響營養狀況之因素，下列何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"酒精攝入過量會增加食慾","交感神經過度刺激時，會增進腸道蠕動","腦下垂體為控制食慾的主要器官","保鉀性利尿劑會影響維生素吸收","D",null,[],"本題考點為影響營養狀況的生理與藥物因素。保鉀性利尿劑（如triamterene）結構為葉酸拮抗劑，會干擾葉酸（維生素）的吸收與利用，故選D正確。選項A錯，長期過量酒精會抑制食慾並影響營養素吸收，而非增加食慾；選項B錯，交感神經興奮時腸胃道蠕動與分泌受抑制（戰或逃反應下血流轉向骨骼肌），副交感才促進蠕動；選項C錯，控制食慾的主要中樞是下視丘（飽食與飢餓中樞），而非腦下垂體。判斷關鍵在自主神經對腸道的作用與食慾中樞的定位。","整合概念：自主神經對腸道——交感（戰或逃）抑制蠕動與消化腺分泌、副交感促進；食慾中樞在下視丘（外側為攝食中樞、腹內側為飽食中樞），受瘦體素與飢餓素調控；藥物與營養素——保鉀利尿劑triamterene為葉酸拮抗劑，長期恐致葉酸缺乏（巨球性貧血），利尿劑亦影響鉀、鎂與水溶性維生素流失。酒精抑制食慾並干擾硫胺（維生素B1）吸收。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"影響營養因素",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"保鉀性利尿劑與葉酸",{"term":31,"count":27},"交感神經與腸蠕動",{"term":33,"count":27},"下視丘食慾中樞",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-fundamental-nursing-047","有關鼻胃管灌食與照護之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",47,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":27},"nurse-110-1-fundamental-nursing-063","有關排班的敘述，下列何者正確？",63,110,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-fundamental-nursing-077","下列何激勵理論是說明工作滿意度包含激勵因子及保健因子？",77,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-112-1-fundamental-nursing-035","楊爺爺，罹患肺心症，呼吸每分鐘 28～30 次，護理師協助採取坐臥式（Fowler’s position）的理由，下列何者不適宜？",35,112,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":27},"nurse-113-1-fundamental-nursing-029","病人接受靜脈營養，預備轉換為腸道營養的第一階段飲食，下列何者最適當？",29,113,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":11},"nurse-114-2-fundamental-nursing-023","成人病人近期發燒，一天內有時體溫達 39℃以上，有時又會突然降到正常值以下，如此交替出現的發燒型態，最可能出現在下列何種疾病？",23,114,"2026-09-04",1788510715881]